A fluid cleaning system for cleaning contaminated water sources via at least one cleaning process. The system includes at least one solids dissociation apparatus that includes a housing, at least one insert operably engaged with the housing and is adapted to receive a continuous fluid stream, and a transducer operably engaged with the housing and is disposed about the at least one insert at a distance away from said at least one insert inside of the housing. The transducer is configured to create cavitation, via sonic waves, to eviscerate contaminants in the continuous fluid stream. The system also includes at least one solids separation apparatus operably connected with the at least one fluid treatment apparatus for receiving the eviscerated contaminants provided in the fluid stream. The at least one solids separation apparatus is adapted to separate the eviscerate contaminants from the fluid stream for at least one separation process.

The present invention provides advanced livestock wastewater treatment systems, devices and methods for simultaneous removal of nitrate (nitrite) from treated wastewater at cathode chamber and of organics, suspended solids and malodor (caused by volatile fatty acids) from raw wastewater at anode chamber using anaerobic bioelectrochemical system (BES). The present invention provides a device comprising at least one anode chamber equipped inside with at least one anode, and at least one cathode chamber equipped inside with at least one cathode, wherein the anode chamber is attached to the cathode chamber via separator in order to transport anions or cations between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber.

A method for treating wastewater includes passing wastewater through a pretreatment component to remove at least portions of one or more contaminants from the wastewater and generate a permeate and passing the permeate through an electro-chemical cell component to remove at least remaining portions of the one or more contaminants and generate an exudate.

Disclosed is a modified activated sludge-based two-compartment treatment method for processing nitrate-contaminated drinking water. Raw water is firstly sent to a first TiO.sub.2-modified denitrifying activated sludge bioreactor (2), wherein organic carbon source is added in a controlled amount, and nitrate is partly reduced with nitrite being accumulated. Then, the effluent from the first bioreactor is sent to a second TiO.sub.2-modified denitrifying activated sludge bioreactor (3), wherein organic carbon source and hydrogen gas are supplemented, and remaining nitrate and accumulated nitrite are reduced to nitrogen gas. The denitrified effluent from the second bioreactor is sent to a settling tank (4), and TiO.sub.2-containing precipitates collected from the settling tank receive sequential alkaline and acidic treatment before being injected into the first bioreactor (2) for TiO.sub.2 recycling. The effluent from the settling tank (4), after having been subjected to ozone disinfection and activated carbon filtration, has suitable pH and bicarbonate alkalinity, and the concentrations of nitrate, nitrite and water soluble organics meet the safety standard for drinking water. Also disclosed is a modified activated sludge-based two-compartment treatment device for processing nitrate-contaminated drinking water.

A method for nitrate removal from drinking water. The method includes adapting a sludge including hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers (HTDs) by dominating the HTDs in the sludge, cultivating a microalgae biomass, forming a microalgae-HTD biomass by cultivating a mixture of the adapted sludge and the cultivated microalgae biomass, nucleating a plurality of microalgae-HTD granules by cultivating the formed microalgae-HTD biomass in a sequencing batch (SB) mode with a constant HRT, growing the plurality of microalgae-HTD granules by cultivating the nucleated plurality of microalgae-HTD granules in an up flow (UF) mode with a reducing HRT, and continuous nitrate removal from nitrate-contaminated water with a minimum HRT over the grown plurality of microalgae-HTD granules.

A biological reactor system treats concentrated contaminated water with a combination of upflow and downflow bioreactors that are downstream from a reverse osmosis or other concentrator. The system may have a fail safe configuration where flush water may be introduced to the reactors in the event of a power failure or when taking the reactors offline. Many reverse osmosis systems introduce antiscalant treatments upstream so that the reverse osmosis filters do not scale. However, such treatments result in superconcentrated conditions of the antiscalants in the contaminated water processed by the bioreactors. A flushing system may deconcentrate the bioreactors to prevent the antiscalants from precipitating and fouling the bioreactors.

The present invention relates in part to a filter comprising a tubular housing having a proximal end, a distal end and a housing lumen therethrough; a tubular membrane having a proximal end, a distal end and a membrane lumen therethrough, wherein the tubular membrane is positioned within the housing lumen; a contaminated fluid sample inlet fluidly connected to the proximal end of the membrane, and a contaminated fluid sample outlet fluidly connected to the distal end of the membrane, thereby creating a sample flow-path from the sample inlet through the membrane lumen to the sample outlet; and a purification material inlet fluidly connected to a distal region of the housing lumen, and a purification material outlet fluidly connected to a proximal region of the housing lumen, thereby creating a purification material flow-path from the purification material inlet through the housing lumen to the purification material outlet; wherein the direction of the sample flow-path is in the opposite direction of the purification material flow-path. The invention also relates a method of purifying a contaminated fluid using said filter.

Plant for desalinating water of a water supply system, which comprises one or more tanks for accumulating water (2) in an immiscible manner, in order to store a softened supply thereof, provided with a first inlet connection (3) and with a first outlet connection (4) respectively connected to a feeding pipe (5) connected to the water supply system (50) and to an extraction pipe (6) for supplying users. The plant (1) also comprises a filtering unit (10) for water softening, for example obtained with a flow-through condenser (10″) or with a reverse osmosis membrane filter (10′), connected in parallel to the tank (2) with second inlet connection (11) and second outlet connection (12) respectively hydraulically connected to the first inlet connection (3) and to the first outlet connection (4) of the tank (2). Circulating means (13) are provided which can be activated to force at least one water flow to be treated to pass through the filtering unit (10), producing a filtered water flow, which is progressively stored in the tank (2) according to a filling direction (VI) thereof. Operatively, the feeding pipe (5) of the water supply system (50) forces, when the user requests water, a water flow intended for use to flow through the tank (2), causing the at least partial evacuation of the filtered water volume that was stored therein in an immiscible manner, in an evacuation direction (V2) opposite the filling direction (VI) with which the filtered water flow had been previously stored in the tank 2.

In view of the current pollution to sewage by nitrate nitrogen, the present invention discloses a method for promoting denitrification to remove nitrate nitrogen in water by magnetic resins. In the method disclosed by the present invention, magnetic anion exchange resins are in contact with and mixed with sewage, and nitrate nitrogen in the sewage is removed quickly and efficiently by both the ion exchange between the magnetic anion exchange resins and the nitrate nitrogen in the sewage and the denitrification enhanced by the magnetic material. Meanwhile, the regeneration and recycle of the magnetic anion exchange resins are realized by the denitrification of microorganisms.

Disclosed is a rotating cored-type biological treatment device for wastewater with low carbon content and use thereof. The device includes a composite frame (1), several biological packing columns (2), a rotating tray (3), a rotating shaft, and a base (4), wherein the biological packing columns (2) are detachably mounted inside the composite frame (1); the rotating shaft is vertically arranged on the base (4) and can rotate; the rotating tray (3) is fixedly sheathed on the rotating shaft, and the composite frame (1) is disposed on the rotating tray (3); and the rotating tray rotates with the rotating shaft, which driving the composite frame (1) and the biological packing columns (2) therein to rotate. The rotating cored-type biological treatment device has the advantages of high efficiency and being renewable and environment-friendly, etc.