An electromagnetic pulsed-wave system having an electromagnetic boom for generating a time-varying pulsed-wave to control a colloidal mixture disposed in water and a depository. The electromagnetic boom comprising a plurality of electrically coupled solenoids disposed at the water for providing electromagnetic pulses to generate the time-varying pulsed-wave to transport the colloidal mixture. The depository having an electromagnetic ramp magnetically coupled with the electromagnetic boom and a separation receptacle for separating magnetized particles from the colloidal mixture.

Metals, such as mercury, may be removed from glycol fluids by applying a sulfur compound having the general formula HS—X, wherein X is a heteroatom-substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and/or alkylaryl group either alone or in combination with or as a blend with at least one antifoam additive, at least one demulsifier and/or a buffering agent, to chelate the at least one metal and form a chelate complex of the sulfur compound with the at least one metal and then separating the chelate complex from the fluid.

In an apparatus for treating wastewater, water is screened, biologically treated and coagulated with the addition of chemicals before it is drawn through a membrane filter to produce permeate that is then passed through an electro-chemical cell to coagulate and/or oxidize residual contaminants such as phosphorous, nitrogen, or ammonia, and is then passed through a secondary membrane filter to capture and remove any remaining contaminants.

A super-hydrophilic surface treatment method of a filter medium of a filter for oil-water separation according to the present invention includes preparing a filter medium or a filter including the filter medium using a polymer base or a metal base, and forming a hydrophilic coating layer to the filter medium or the filter including the filter medium by cross-linking bis-acrylamide (N,N-methylenebisacrylamide).

Embodiments of the present invention are generally related to a system and method to remove hydrogen sulfide from sour water and sour oil. Particularly, hydrogen sulfide is removed from sour water and sour oil without the need for special chemicals, such as catalyst chemicals, scavenger chemicals, hydrocarbon sources, or a large-scale facility. The system and method in the present invention is particularly useful in exploratory oil and gas fields, where large facilities to remove hydrogen sulfide may be inaccessible. The present invention addresses the need for safe and cost-effective transport of the deadly neurotoxin. Particular embodiments involve a system and method that can be executed both on a small and large scale to sweeten sour water and sour oil.

An oily sewage pretreatment method without air flotation, comprising the following steps: (a) sedimentation separation: performing sedimentation separation on oily sewage to implement preliminary separation of oil, sludge, and water; (b) boiling bed separation: performing boiling bed separation on the oily sewage obtained by the preliminary separation to further remove dispersed oil, sludge, and sand from the oily sewage; (c) shape coalescence separation: performing shape coalescence separation on the oily sewage obtained by the boiling bed separation in step (b) to implement demulsification, coalescence, and separation of emulsified oil; and (d) biochemical treatment: the effluent obtained in step (c) directly enters an AOH biochemical system, an air flotation unit is omitted. Also disclosed is an oily sewage pretreatment apparatus without air flotation.

A nanofiber membrane includes a polymer nanofiber; and an amphiphilic triblock copolymer bonded to the surface of the polymer nanofiber, the amphiphilic triblock copolymer includes a hydrophobic portion; hydrophilic portions positioned at both ends of the hydrophobic portion; and a low surface energy portion positioned at one end of each of the hydrophilic portions positioned at both ends of the hydrophobic portion, and the hydrophobic portion of the amphiphilic triblock copolymer is bonded to the surface of the polymer nanofiber and the hydrophilic portion and the low surface energy portion are exposed to the outside of the surface of the polymer nanofiber. The membrane simultaneously exhibits hydrophilicity, underwater oleophobicity, and low oil adhesion force, thus has surface segregation properties, and as a result, has an excellent oil permeate flux, exhibits antifouling properties, and can excellently separate oil in water.

Metals, such as mercury, may be removed from aqueous, hydrocarbon, or mixed oilfield or refinery fluids by: applying a sulfur compound having the general formula HS—X, where X is a heteroatom substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and/or alkylaryl group either alone or in combination with or as a blend with at least one demulsifier, a buffering agent, a pour point depressant, and/or a water clarifier to chelate the at least one metal and form a chelate complex of the sulfur compound with the at least one metal and then separating the chelate complex from the fluid.

A single-phase microemulsion additive may be introduced to a stream containing mixtures of or emulsions of oil and water in an effective amount to separate oil from the water in the stream and/or separating water from the oil in the stream. The single-phase microemulsion additive is formed by combining at least one demulsifier, at least one water clarifier, at least one surfactant, and optionally at least one solvent.

A membrane sorbent is described, which comprises 1 - 6 wt% silicon carbide nanoparticles dispersed in a polymer matrix. The polymer matrix may comprise polysulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The membrane sorbent is used for separating oil from a contaminated water mixture. The silicon carbide nanoparticles of the membrane sorbent may be made from rice husk ash.