A system and method of treating sour water, including providing sour water having hydrosulfide ions and a carbon-containing compound to an anodic chamber of an electrolyzer vessel, converting the hydrosulfide ions into sulfate ions in the anodic chamber via an oxido half-reaction of a first oxido-reduction reaction and generating carbon dioxide in the anodic chamber via an oxido half-reaction of a second oxido-reduction reaction associated with the carbon-containing compound. The technique includes reacting the carbon dioxide with hydroxide ions in the anodic chamber to generate bicarbonate ions. The technique includes discharging an anodic chamber solution having the sulfate ions and the bicarbonate ions from the electrolyzer vessel from the anodic chamber.

A device (1) for cleaning a liquid (3) contaminated with oil, comprising a filling (7) made of a material that absorbs the oil (2), which filling is located inside a container (4) and is arranged between an inlet and an outlet (5, 6) of the container (4). According to the invention, the absorption property and handling of the filling (7) is increased by virtue of the fact that the filling is formed by a package-type tangle of keratin structures (8) that are randomly arranged and stochastically distributed in all three dimensions, which in the operating state of the device (1), comprise a closed container edge (9) between the inlet and the outlet (5, 6), and rest thereon in a liquid-tight manner.

Many processes generate wastewater streams rich in sulfate and chloride. These salt components are traditionally not recovered and are discharged to the environment. The invention recovers pure water for recycle/reuse and simultaneously generates valuable pure salts of NaCl and Na2SO.sub.4 for beneficial reuse, eliminating the waste stream. Process consists of the sequential crystallization of salt products with an intermediate purification step in which a chemical reactant is added to elevate levels of purity. The process is configured to simultaneously achieve zero liquid discharge.

A multi-effect energy-saving apparatus for pollution control and utilization of petrochemical water, has a multi-effect treatment device, a post-treatment device, a first loading head, a second loading head, and a third loading head, by combined assembly of devices, the apparatus is simple to disassemble and easy to clean, meanwhile due to the controllable addition of treating agent by using a multi-effect regulator, a fluid outlet connecting member and other components, it is energy-saving and multi-effective, and has excellent treatment effect.

Mobile water filtration enables on-site recycling of wastewater for reuse in mechanical decoking operations of fired-heaters, furnaces, boilers, or systems prone to build up of deposits, residue, or scale and enables on-site disposal of wastewater in a safe and environmentally conscious manner. In batch operations, a coagulant, a flocculant, and a plurality of cascaded filters of increasingly fine pitch may be used to treat wastewater and remove particulate matter, such as, for example, coke, for reuse or safe disposal. In continuous operations, a plurality of cascaded filters of increasingly fine pitch may be used. A control system may be used to automate the operation of a mobile water filtration system for use with a decoking system, such that it does not require human intervention exception for maintenance operations related to filters. The filtered water may be disposed of on-site, eliminating the need for further treatment or transport off site.

An oily sewage pretreatment method without air flotation, comprising the following steps: (a) sedimentation separation: performing sedimentation separation on oily sewage to implement preliminary separation of oil, sludge, and water; (b) boiling bed separation: performing boiling bed separation on the oily sewage obtained by the preliminary separation to further remove dispersed oil, sludge, and sand from the oily sewage; (c) shape coalescence separation: performing shape coalescence separation on the oily sewage obtained by the boiling bed separation in step (b) to implement demulsification, coalescence, and separation of emulsified oil; and (d) biochemical treatment: the effluent obtained in step (c) directly enters an AOH biochemical system, an air flotation unit is omitted. Also disclosed is an oily sewage pretreatment apparatus without air flotation.

Metals, such as mercury, may be removed from aqueous, hydrocarbon, or mixed oilfield or refinery fluids by: applying a sulfur compound having the general formula HS—X, where X is a heteroatom substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and/or alkylaryl group either alone or in combination with or as a blend with at least one demulsifier, a buffering agent, a pour point depressant, and/or a water clarifier to chelate the at least one metal and form a chelate complex of the sulfur compound with the at least one metal and then separating the chelate complex from the fluid.

Disclosed herein are methods for reducing fouling caused by process water present within a water recycling loop of a pyrolysis plant. Fouling is caused by phase separation and accumulation of materials from the process water on equipment surfaces. The method includes applying a total of about 5 ppm to 500 ppm total of a first polymerization inhibitor and second polymerization inhibitor to the process water to form a treated process water, wherein the first polymerization inhibitor has a pygas-water partition coefficient of about 0.0001 to 9 and the second polymerization inhibitor has a pygas-water partition coefficient of about 1000 to 50,000.

A hydrocarbon-in-water purification system includes a high capacity hydrocarbon absorber stage having a high capacity hydrocarbon absorber material and an inlet configured to receive a hydrocarbon-in-water dispersion from a fuel system. A polishing hydrocarbon absorber stage is in liquid communication and downstream of the high capacity hydrocarbon absorber stage including polishing activated carbon. The high capacity hydrocarbon absorber material has a greater saturation capacity than the polishing activated carbon and the polishing activated carbon has a greater polishing capacity than the high capacity hydrocarbon absorber material. A method for controlling and managing the evacuation of water from the hydrocarbon-in-water purification system includes tracking the purification state of water volumes and the bed loading states of purification beds defined in the water filter.

An acidic water-based process was developed for the synthesis of anionic lignin copolymers with adjustable MW, thermal stability and solubility in water. The anionic lignin copolymer described herein comprises: a molecular weight of 5,000 to 7.4×10.sup.5 g/mol; and a charge density of −1 to −7.2 meq/g. The anionic lignin copolymers described herein which have a molecular weight range of 000-50,000 g/mol can be used as dispersants of negatively charged molecules or particles in numerous process or wastewater streams (e.g. concrete admixtures, gypsum slurries, textile dye) while such copolymers in a molecular weight range of 90,000-740,000 g/mole can be used as flocculants of positively charged molecules or particles in numerous process and wastewater streams including industrial and municipal systems and sludge dewatering in the textile dye, pulp & paper, mining and oil industries.