A pure water production system includes a filter unit, a clear water storage tank, an ultraviolet light irradiation unit, and an ion exchange resin unit. The filter unit filters water. The clear water storage tank stores water filtered by the filtration unit. The ultraviolet light irradiation unit irradiates ultraviolet light to water delivered from the clear water storage tank. The ion exchange resin unit produces pure water from water delivered from the ultraviolet light irradiation unit. The ultraviolet light irradiation unit includes an ultraviolet fluorescent lamp, and an outer tube configured to allow the water to flow through surroundings of the ultraviolet fluorescent lamp. The outer tube includes an inflow port through which the water flows in, and an outflow port through which the water irradiated with ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet fluorescent lamp flows out.

A fluid sterilization device according to an embodiment includes: a tube portion; a supply head in one end portion of the tube portion; a discharge head provided in the other end portion thereof and having a first hole penetrating a space between end faces on the tube portion side and the opposite side; a holder having a flange and a protruding portion projecting from one surface of the flange and provided in the first hole; a substrate on an end face of the protruding portion on a side opposite to the flange side; a light-emitting element provided on a surface of the substrate on a side opposite to the protruding portion side and emitting ultraviolet rays; a window provided in the first hole and facing the light-emitting element; and a desiccant provided outside the discharge head and in a space communicating with the first hole or in the first hole.

An apparatus for the treatment of a liquid that includes a chamber having at least one inner surface, the chamber adapted for passage of a fluid therethrough. The chamber is at least 80 percent enclosed. The apparatus also includes an optional ultraviolet-transmissive tube disposed within the chamber and also adapted for the passage of the liquid therethrough. The apparatus further includes an ultraviolet lamp disposed within the chamber and, optionally, within the ultraviolet-transmissive tube. A reflective material is interposed between the chamber and the transmissive tube. The reflective material is adapted so as to reflect at least a portion of light emitted by the ultraviolet lamp, wherein the reflective material is at least 80 percent reflective.

A flow-through fluid purification device (1), which comprises a container (5) arranged such that fluid to be purified can flow-through a volume (8) of the container (5) from an inlet (3) to an outlet (7), a receptacle (10) for accommodating a radiation source in the form of a lamp (13), wherein the receptacle (10) has an interface wall (11) permeable for radiation with a wavelength in the UV-range, preferably between 150 nm and 200 nm, more preferably of 172±8 nm, and arranged to let radiation pass into the volume (8) of the container (5), a plurality of baffle plates (9) located in the volume (8) of the container (5) with an inter-baffle distance (D) in the flow direction from the inlet (3) to the outlet (7), wherein the baffle plates (9) are arranged to force the fluid flowing from the inlet (3) to the outlet (7) to flow substantially along the interface wall (11) and through gaps (G) between the interface wall (11) and the baffle plates (9) defining the shortest distance between the interface wall (11) and the baffle plates (9), and wherein the baffle plates (9) each have a surface on the upstream side in the flow direction which is perpendicular to the interface wall (11).

A generator (100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109) is used for producing a treated oxygen containing gas for treating a body of matter (11). The generator (100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109) extends along a generator axis and has an axially extending hollow sleeve (12) defining an internal space (14). At least one lid (16) is located at one of the axial ends of the sleeve (12) and a UV light source (18) and at least one magnet (20) are located along the axis.

An apparatus for refractory organics conversion into biogas includes an anaerobic digester configured to be fed with organic material comprising refractory organics and to generate biogas and a digestate comprising at least a part of the refractory organics, wherein the apparatus comprises a device for a controlled partial oxidation of the refractory organics comprising an inlet configured to be fed with refractory organics and means configured to control the residence time of the refractory organics within the device for a controlled partial oxidation, so as to partially degrade refractory organics. A method for refractory organics conversion into biogas carried out using such an apparatus is also provided.

A purification apparatus includes a radio frequency (RF) signal source that generates an RF signal, first and second electrodes, and a conduit. The first electrode receives the RF signal and converts it into electromagnetic energy that is radiated by the first electrode. The conduit includes input and output ports and a chamber. The input and output ports are in fluid communication with the chamber, and the chamber is configured to receive an electrodeless bulb. The chamber is defined by first and second boundaries that are separated by a distance that is less than the wavelength of the RF signal so that the chamber is sub-resonant. The first electrode is physically positioned at the first boundary, and the second electrode is physically positioned at the second boundary. The first and second electrodes and the chamber form a structure that capacitively couples the electromagnetic energy into an electrodeless bulb within the chamber.

A fluid sterilization device according to an embodiment includes: a tube portion; a supply head in one end portion of the tube portion; a discharge head provided in the other end portion thereof and having a first hole penetrating a space between end faces on the tube portion side and the opposite side; a holder having a flange and a protruding portion projecting from one surface of the flange and provided in the first hole; a substrate on an end face of the protruding portion on a side opposite to the flange side; a light-emitting element provided on a surface of the substrate on a side opposite to the protruding portion side and emitting ultraviolet rays; a window provided in the first hole and facing the light-emitting element; and a desiccant provided outside the discharge head and in a space communicating with the first hole or in the first hole.

An apparatus for simultaneously exposing fluids or gases to a magnetic field and to ultraviolet light includes a tubular body having a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, an internal passageway, and a lamp-receiving port, the tubular body houses one or more magnets surrounding the internal passageway to provide a magnetic field in the internal passageway along a defined axial length, a UV lamp secured to a lamp-receiving port is disposed in the internal passageway throughout the axial length, a fluid inlet is disposed between the lamp-receiving port and the fluid outlet for introducing flowing fluids, or gases, into the internal passageway for simultaneous exposure to the magnetic field and to UV light generated by the lamp.

Disclosed are a water treatment apparatus and a process for treating process water with ozone and ultraviolet radiation. The apparatus comprises a reactor (4) having a first (5) and a second (6) reaction chamber. The first reaction chamber (5) has a UV lamp (1), an air inlet (30) and a gas outlet (23). An air/ozone conduit (34) is connected to the gas outlet (23), via which an air/ozone mixture (b) can be fed into a water inlet conduit (31). The second reaction chamber (6) is connected to the water inlet conduit (31) and a water outlet conduit (32). The inlet conduit (31) may contain a water filter (18) as well as a controllable circulation pump (16) designed to pump water in the reactor direction. The water filter (18) may be arranged between the circulation pump (16) and the reactor (4). A recirculation conduit (33) comprises a pump (10) pumping water towards the inlet conduit (31). It has a feed point (21) at which the air/ozone mixture (b) is feedable into the process water (d) or is in fluid communication with a fresh water conduit (35) via a fresh water feed point (9), which has a feed point (21) at which the air/ozone mixture (b) is feedable into fresh water (f) in the fresh water conduit (35).