A UVC disinfection system is described where incoming fluid, such as water, is directed onto a transparent window in a vertical disinfection chamber. The incoming water is directed downward by a channel at an acute angle (e.g., 10-20 degrees) with respect to a central axis of the disinfection chamber and impinges on the window at an angle almost perpendicular to the window surface. One or more UVC LEDs are optically coupled to the window. The water impinging on the window becomes agitated due to the severe redirection and interaction with water already in the chamber. This randomizes (mixes) the water in the area where there is the highest UVC power. The UVC LEDs direct light along the central axis of the cylindrical chamber for maximum exposure of the water to the UVC light. Disinfection efficiency is therefore increased.

The present invention describes a combined water heater and water treatment device 1, said combined water heater and water treatment device comprising a water treatment unit 2 being embedded by a single container 3 of the combined water heater and water treatment device 1, and said combined water heater and water treatment device 1 also comprising a heater element 4 arranged on the outside of the single container 3 of the combined water heater and water treatment device.

A water dispensing unit adapted for communication with a water supply includes a spout configured to receive water from the water supply and dispense the water to a receptacle for consumption. The water supply includes water received from a municipal water supply and contained within a space directly upstream of a base of the spout. A flow of water from the water supply and into the spout via the base is a downstream water flow. A disinfecting mechanism operable to disinfect water in at least one of the spout or a space immediately upstream of the spout.

A liquid treatment system comprising at least one ultra-violet light treatment lamp arranged within an elongated protective UV-transparent sleeve provided along a central longitudinal axis A, said sleeve having an outer surface and an essentially circular cross-sectional shape; and an elongated reactor configured to receive said sleeve, whereby an elongated liquid treatment chamber for receiving liquid to be treated, is provided between an inner surface of the reactor and the outer surface of the sleeve; wherein said liquid treatment system further comprises at least one elongated cleaning device provided side by side with the sleeve within the liquid treatment chamber and along at least a part of the length of the elongated sleeve, wherein said at least one cleaning device is compressed towards the outer surface of the sleeve by the reactor, and wherein at least one of the sleeve and the reactor is configured to rotate around the longitudinal axis A such that the at least one cleaning device will be touching and cleaning the outer surface of the sleeve over essentially the whole circumference of the sleeve.

A liquid treatment system comprising at least one ultra-violet light treatment lamp arranged within an elongated protective UV-transparent sleeve provided along a central longitudinal axis A, said sleeve having an outer surface and an essentially circular cross-sectional shape; and an elongated reactor configured to receive said sleeve, whereby an elongated liquid treatment chamber for receiving liquid to be treated, is provided between an inner surface of the reactor and the outer surface of the sleeve; wherein said liquid treatment system further comprises at least one cleaning arrangement comprising at least one cleaning device, wherein said cleaning arrangement is configured to compress said cleaning device towards the outer surface of the sleeve and to transfer the cleaning device over the sleeve surface for cleaning the outer surface of the sleeve, wherein the at least one cleaning device comprises at least one metal braid.

The invention provides an injector device for a water treatment apparatus, and a method of use. The injector device comprises a first coupling for fluid connection to a source of liquid to be treated; and a second coupling for fluid connection to at least one liquid treatment vessel arranged to expose liquid in the vessel to ultraviolet radiation in an advanced oxidation process reaction. The device comprises at least one injection port for injecting at least one gas into a liquid flowing through the injector device. The injector device is at least partially formed from a material that is transmissive to ultraviolet radiation. In another aspect, a water treatment apparatus defines a plurality of parallel flow streams between the inlet of the apparatus and the at least one liquid treatment vessel. The injector device comprises an injection port for each of the plurality of parallel flow streams.

There is described a novel fluid treatment device that can induce Dean Vortices in the flowing fluid, and then induce a new set of Dean Vortices at an angle to those in the first set. Each subsequent curved section can induce vortices at an angle to those in the last curved section. This reactor has the effect of repeatedly twisting and splitting the fluid flow, resulting in targeted mixing similar to that of static mixers without the necessity of utilizing physical mixers. This is also an improvement over helical tubing configurations that generate only a single set of vortices and do not split and mix the flow.

The present invention generally relates to a field emission light source and specifically to a field emission light source adapted to emit ultraviolet (UV) light. The light source has a UV emission member provided with an electron-excitable UV emitting material. The material is at least one of LuPO.sub.3:Pr.sup.3+, Lu.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.2:Pr.sup.3+, LaPO.sub.4:Pr.sup.3+, YBO.sub.3:Pr.sup.3+ and YPO.sub.4:Bi.sup.3+.

An apparatus for refractory organics conversion into biogas includes an anaerobic digester configured to be fed with organic material comprising refractory organics and to generate biogas and a digestate comprising at least a part of the refractory organics, wherein the apparatus comprises a device for a controlled partial oxidation of the refractory organics comprising an inlet configured to be fed with refractory organics and means configured to control the residence time of the refractory organics within the device for a controlled partial oxidation, so as to partially degrade refractory organics. A method for refractory organics conversion into biogas carried out using such an apparatus is also provided.

An apparatus for the treatment of water includes an elongated housing having a first end and a second end. The first end has a water inlet and the second end has a water outlet. An elongated ultraviolet radiation source with a sleeve is concentrically located within the elongated housing. The elongated ultraviolet radiation source has, at its first end, electrical connections, which extend through the second end of the housing and have a second free end held in a support element. The support element includes a supporting structure containing a ring element and from thereon radially inwardly running arms. The arms are designed in such a way that during assembly the arms are resiliently deformed and wherein, if assembled, the arms are pressed against the sleeve, so that the free end of the ultraviolet radiation source is held by the arms in a resilient manner.