A method of reducing bubble lifetime on the free surface of a volume of molten glass contained within or flowing through a vessel including a free volume above the free surface, thereby minimizing re-entrainment of the bubbles back into the volume of molten glass and reducing the occurrence of blisters in finished glass products.

A method of reducing bubble lifetime on the free surface of a volume of molten glass contained within or flowing through a vessel including a free volume above the free surface, thereby minimizing re-entrainment of the bubbles back into the volume of molten glass and reducing the occurrence of blisters in finished glass products.

A molten glass stirring device is provided that includes a container having an inlet through which molten glass flows in and an outlet through which molten glass flows out and a stirring mechanism having a vertically extending rotational shaft and an impeller provided on the rotational shaft to stir molten glass in the container. The molten glass stirring device further includes at least one of a first variable mechanism capable of adjusting the spacing between the impeller in the molten glass and the inner surface of the container by changing the horizontal position of the rotational shaft and a second variable mechanism capable of adjusting the spacing between the impeller in the molten glass and the surface of the molten glass by changing the vertical position of the rotational shaft.

A molten glass stirring device is provided that includes a container having an inlet through which molten glass flows in and an outlet through which molten glass flows out and a stirring mechanism having a vertically extending rotational shaft and an impeller provided on the rotational shaft to stir molten glass in the container. The molten glass stirring device further includes at least one of a first variable mechanism capable of adjusting the spacing between the impeller in the molten glass and the inner surface of the container by changing the horizontal position of the rotational shaft and a second variable mechanism capable of adjusting the spacing between the impeller in the molten glass and the surface of the molten glass by changing the vertical position of the rotational shaft.

Provided are a refractory article, an anti-redox coating composition, and a method of manufacturing the refractory article. The refractory article includes: a platinum (Pt)-based substrate; and a coating layer for preventing a redox reaction on a surface of the Pt-based substrate, wherein the coating layer for preventing a redox reaction includes on an oxide basis SiO.sub.2 in an amount of about 40 wt % to about 70 wt %, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 in an amount of about 20 wt % to about 52 wt %, B.sub.2O.sub.3 in an amount of about 3 wt % to about 6 wt %; and CaO in an amount of about 2.4 wt % to about 4.8 wt %.

The present invention provides for synthesizing high optical quality multicomponent chalcogenide glasses without refractive index perturbations due to striae, phase separation or crystal formation using a two-zone furnace and multiple fining steps. The top and bottom zones are initially heated to the same temperature, and then a temperature gradient is created between the top zone and the bottom zone. The fining and cooling phase is divided into multiple steps with multiple temperature holds.

The present invention provides for synthesizing high optical quality multicomponent chalcogenide glasses without refractive index perturbations due to striae, phase separation or crystal formation using a two-zone furnace and multiple fining steps. The top and bottom zones are initially heated to the same temperature, and then a temperature gradient is created between the top zone and the bottom zone. The fining and cooling phase is divided into multiple steps with multiple temperature holds.

A glass product manufacturing apparatus includes a stirring vessel disposed in a chamber, a conduit arranged in the chamber and having an inner space through which molten glass from the stirring vessels flows, and a nozzle disposed in the chamber adjacent to the conduit and configured to jet a fluid around the conduit. Accordingly, cooling efficiency and manufacturing efficiency of the glass manufacturing apparatus may be improved.

A glass product manufacturing apparatus includes a stirring vessel disposed in a chamber, a conduit arranged in the chamber and having an inner space through which molten glass from the stirring vessels flows, and a nozzle disposed in the chamber adjacent to the conduit and configured to jet a fluid around the conduit. Accordingly, cooling efficiency and manufacturing efficiency of the glass manufacturing apparatus may be improved.