Plate glasses of the same material are stacked each other to form a hollow portion between the plate glasses. The stacked plate glasses are heated to a temperature which is a softening point thereof or below and is a temperature or above at which the material can be diffusion-bonded at a predetermined pressure or higher. The heated and stacked plate glasses are pressed to a predetermined pressure or higher using a die. Together with or subsequent to the pressing, a gas pressure is applied into the hollow portion by feeding gas into the hollow portion. Next, the stacked plate glasses, in which the gas pressure is applied to the hollow portion, are cooled to the strain point while being held with the die.

An optical multiplexer (MUX) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a base part having a plate-shape having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, a microarray lens layer integrally formed on the first surface of the base part, the microarray lens layer including microlens layers being multiple aspherical surface-shaped, and multiple optical blocks integrally formed on the second surface of the base part and formed at respective positions corresponding to the microlens layers.

Systems and methods for texturing substrates (e.g., glass, metal, and the like) and the textured substrates produced using such systems and methods are disclosed. An exemplary system for texturing a substrate includes a first roller and a second roller. The first roller has a first textured surface. The first textured surface has a root mean square roughness between 40 to 1000 microns and an autocorrelation function greater than 0.5 for distances less than 50 microns.

A method of manufacturing an optical multiplexer, whereby one molded product is formed by using a mold and vertically cut in a row direction, thus efficiently manufacturing multiple optical multiplexers, with a microlens array and an optical block being integrated together. Therefore, the present invention may increase product productivity and realize a size reduction of a product.

A semiconductor element is formed in a mesa portion of a semiconductor substrate. A cavity is formed in a working surface of the semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor substrate is brought in contact with a glass piece made of a glass material and having a protrusion. The glass piece and the semiconductor substrate are arranged such that the protrusion extends into the cavity. The glass piece is bonded to the semiconductor substrate. The glass piece is in-situ bonded to the semiconductor substrate by pressing the glass piece against the semiconductor substrate. During the pressing a temperature of the glass piece exceeds a glass transition temperature and the temperature and a force exerted on the glass piece are controlled to fluidify the glass material and after re-solidifying the protrusion completely fills the cavity.

A method includes depositing a glass frit on sidewalls of a plurality of cavities of a shaped article formed from a glass material, a glass ceramic material, or a combination thereof. The glass frit is heated to a firing temperature above a glass transition temperature of the glass frit to sinter the glass frit into a glaze disposed on the sidewalls of the plurality of cavities.

Provided is a mold for molding a wafer lens, including an upper mold and a lower mold. The upper mold includes a first molding surface. The first molding surface includes first molding portions. The first molding portion includes a first recessed portion formed by recessing from the first molding surface. The lower mold matches the upper mold. The lower mold includes a second molding surface right facing the first molding surface. The second molding surface includes second molding portions. The second molding portion includes a first protrusion portion protruding from the second molding surface towards the first molding surface. The first molding portions and the second molding portions are disposed in one-to-one correspondence. The first molding portion further includes a second recessed portion formed by recessing from the first molding surface towards a direction facing away from the lower mold. The second recessed portion surrounds the first recessed portion.

Methods and mold designs provide for fiducials in molding glass optical elements, such as glass lenses. A mold for use in the fabrication of a lens can include a first part of the mold including a first molding surface corresponding to a first surface of said lens, and a second part of the mold including a second molding surface corresponding to a second surface of said lens, the first and second part of the mold configured to apply pressure to a moldable material in at least one cavity therebetween, at least one marking structure located on at least one of the first part of the mold, the second part of the mold, or both, the at least one marking structure configured to form at least one fiducial in the molded structure. Such techniques are applicable to precision glass molding.

The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing an optical element out of glass, wherein a blank made of glass is laid on an annular contact face of a supporting body having a hollow cross section, and is heated on the supporting body, in a cavity of a protective cap that is arranged in a furnace cavity, such that a temperature gradient is established in the blank in such a way that the blank is cooler inside than on an outside region, wherein the contact face is cooled by means of a cooling medium flowing through the supporting body, wherein following heating the glass blank is press molded to form the optical element.

In the conventional direct press method, it was difficult to control the weight of molten glass gob when manufacturing a small precision glass component and thus the weight of the glass gob varies widely. Accordingly, the problem is that the precise molding cannot be expected stably. As a solution, the present invention provides a mold for molding a glass-made optical component and a manufacturing method using the mold, the mold comprising: a female mold which has a lower mold of a molding mold for molding the glass-made optical component on an outer peripheral portion of a concave surface of the female mold; a male mold which has a convex surface combined with the concave surface of the female mold; and a ring mold which is arranged on an outer peripheral portion of the male mold, the ring mold having an upper mold of the molding mold for molding the glass-made optical component, wherein molten glass gob introduced into the concave surface of the female mold is configured to be pressed from above by the male mold having the convex surface so that the molten glass gob is injected into a space formed between the lower mold and the upper mold of the molding mold.