Described herein are antireflective layers, methods for forming antireflective layers, and structures including antireflective layers. Methods are included for forming a durable antireflective layer on the surface of a substrate, wherein the substrate has a complex three-dimensional shape, wherein the durable antireflective layer comprises a uniform monolayer of silica nanoparticles interconnected by SiO.sub.2, a uniform monolayer of silica nanoparticles bonded to the surface of the substrate, or a combination thereof.

The invention relates to a method for treating the wall of a glass container (1), which wall delimits a cavity (4) and an opening providing access to said cavity (4), the method comprising: the dispensing of a treatment substance into the cavity, using a dispensing means (12) of which a dispensing orifice (13) is positioned some distance from the opening of the container (1) and outside the latter, the container (1) being in motion relative to the dispensing means (12), and the capturing, by an image-capturing device (16), during the dispensing, of at least one image of a spatial region including the opening of the container (1) and determining, by analysing said image, whether or not a predetermined quantity of substance was introduced into the cavity (4) of the container (1). Method and installation for treating glass containers.

A coating agent for forming a coating layer on a glass surface or a resin surface includes an organopolysiloxane compound having organic substituents which are a methyl group and a phenyl group, and an organic substituent which is an acrylic group and/or a vinyl group.

Described herein are antireflective layers, methods for forming antireflective layers, and structures including antireflective layers. Methods are included for forming a durable antireflective layer on the surface of a substrate, wherein the substrate has a complex three-dimensional shape, wherein the durable antireflective layer comprises a uniform monolayer of silica nanoparticles interconnected by SiO.sub.2, a uniform monolayer of silica nanoparticles bonded to the surface of the substrate, or a combination thereof.

A hollow body includes a wall which at least partially surrounds an interior volume of the hollow body. The wall comprises a layer of glass and has a wall surface. The wall surface comprises a surface region which is characterized by a contact angle for wetting with water of at least 80. A process for making an item; a hollow body obtainable by this process; a closed container; a process for packaging a pharmaceutical composition; a closed hollow body obtainable by this process; a use of one of the hollow bodies; and a use of a perfluorinated silane or a perfluorosulfonic acid or both is also provided.

An infrared transmissivity measurement method is for measuring an infrared transmissivity of a quartz glass crucible which includes a transparent layer made of quartz glass that does not contain bubbles, a bubble layer formed outside the transparent layer and made of quartz glass containing bubbles, and a semi-molten layer formed outside the bubble layer and made of raw material silica powder solidified in a semi-molten state. The infrared transmissivity measurement method includes processing an outer surface of the quartz glass crucible formed by the semi-molten layer to lower a surface roughness of the outer surface; and measuring an infrared transmissivity of the quartz glass crucible based on infrared light passing through the outer surface after processing the outer surface.

The chemical liquid storage includes a container and a chemical liquid, wherein the chemical liquid contains at least one of Fe, Al, Cr, and Ni, a content of the specific metal component in the chemical liquid with respect to a total mass of the chemical liquid is equal to or smaller than 100 mass ppt, at least a portion of a liquid contact portion of the container is formed of glass containing sodium atoms, and provided that B represents a content of sodium atoms in a bulk region with respect to a total mass of the bulk region, and A represents a content of sodium atoms in a surface region with respect to a total mass of the surface region, a content mass ratio of A to B represented by A/B is higher than 0.10 and less than 1.0 in at least a portion of the liquid contact portion.

A pharmaceutical container of the present invention is a pharmaceutical container including at least a container and a coating layer, and is characterized that the coating layer is coated on at least an inner surface of the container and the coating layer contains a silicone-based resin.

A coated container includes: a container having a surface; and a coating applied to at least part of the surface to form a coated surface. Leaching of at least one of one or more types of ions or one or more types of compounds is determined by performing an alkaline treatment on at least part of the coated surface to obtain an alkaline treated surface and performing an acidic treatment on at least part of the alkaline treated surface to obtain an acidic treated surface. The leaching of the at least one of one or more types of ions or one or more types of compounds from the coated surface is 5.00 mg/l or less.

Provided are a polymer-coated substrate in which a polymer layer formed on the surface of a substrate is stable for a long period of time even in a liquid environment, and a medical analysis device including the polymer-coated substrate. Included is a polymer-coated substrate which includes a substrate, a silane compound layer formed on a surface of the substrate, and a polymer layer formed on the silane compound layer.