A method of making a strengthened article that includes: providing an article comprising a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic composition with a plurality of ion-exchangeable alkali metal ions, a first primary surface and a second primary surface; forming a SiO.sub.2-containing film over the first primary surface, wherein the SiO.sub.2-containing film comprises a thickness from about 5 nanometers to about 20 nanometers; forming an anti-glare surface integral with the second primary surface; providing a first ion-exchange bath comprising a plurality of ion-exchanging alkali metal ions, each having a larger size than the size of the ion-exchangeable alkali metal ions; and submersing the article in the first ion-exchange bath at a first ion-exchange temperature and duration to form a strengthened article. Further, the strengthened article comprises a compressive stress region extending from the first primary surface and the second primary surface to first and second selected depths, respectively.

A method of making a strengthened article that includes: providing an article comprising a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic composition with a plurality of ion-exchangeable alkali metal ions, a first primary surface and a second primary surface; forming a SiO.sub.2-containing film over the first primary surface, wherein the SiO.sub.2-containing film comprises a thickness from about 5 nanometers to about 20 nanometers; forming an anti-glare surface integral with the second primary surface; providing a first ion-exchange bath comprising a plurality of ion-exchanging alkali metal ions, each having a larger size than the size of the ion-exchangeable alkali metal ions; and submersing the article in the first ion-exchange bath at a first ion-exchange temperature and duration to form a strengthened article. Further, the strengthened article comprises a compressive stress region extending from the first primary surface and the second primary surface to first and second selected depths, respectively.

A nanoparticle coater includes a housing; a nanoparticle discharge slot; a first combustion slot; and a second combustion slot.

A nanoparticle coater includes a housing; a nanoparticle discharge slot; a first combustion slot; and a second combustion slot.

A method for forming a super-insulating material for a vacuum insulated structure for an appliance includes disposing hollow glass spheres within a rotating drum, wherein a plurality of interstitial spaces are defined between the hollow glass spheres. An anchor material is disposed within the rotating drum. The hollow glass spheres and the anchor material are rotated within the rotating drum, wherein the anchor material is mixed with the hollow glass spheres to partially occupy the interstitial spaces. A silica-based material is disposed within the rotating drum. The silica-based material is mixed with the anchor material and the hollow glass spheres to define a super-insulating material, wherein the silica-based material attaches to the anchor material and is entrapped within the interstitial spaces. The silica-based material and the anchor material occupy substantially all of an interstitial volume defined by the interstitial spaces.

A method for forming a super-insulating material for a vacuum insulated structure for an appliance includes disposing hollow glass spheres within a rotating drum, wherein a plurality of interstitial spaces are defined between the hollow glass spheres. An anchor material is disposed within the rotating drum. The hollow glass spheres and the anchor material are rotated within the rotating drum, wherein the anchor material is mixed with the hollow glass spheres to partially occupy the interstitial spaces. A silica-based material is disposed within the rotating drum. The silica-based material is mixed with the anchor material and the hollow glass spheres to define a super-insulating material, wherein the silica-based material attaches to the anchor material and is entrapped within the interstitial spaces. The silica-based material and the anchor material occupy substantially all of an interstitial volume defined by the interstitial spaces.

An antimicrobial coating solution developed to be used on glass surfaces is provided. In an alcohol and/or water environment, the antimicrobial coating solution includes at least one copper salt in a hydrate form and at least one tin source. A process of applying the antimicrobial coating solution to a complex shaped glass surface is further provided. The antimicrobial coating solution is configured to be applied to the complex shaped glass surface when a temperature of the complex shaped glass surface is 400° C. and higher. The complex shaped glass surface is a flat glass or a glassware.

An antimicrobial coating solution developed to be used on glass surfaces is provided. In an alcohol and/or water environment, the antimicrobial coating solution includes at least one copper salt in a hydrate form and at least one tin source. A process of applying the antimicrobial coating solution to a complex shaped glass surface is further provided. The antimicrobial coating solution is configured to be applied to the complex shaped glass surface when a temperature of the complex shaped glass surface is 400° C. and higher. The complex shaped glass surface is a flat glass or a glassware.

The present disclosure provides a coating-attached glass article having improved easy-to-clean properties. The provided coating-attached glass article includes a glass substrate and an easy-to-clean coating on the glass substrate. The coating includes cerium oxide, and a contact angle of water on a surface of the coating is 60° or more and 130° or less. The coating improves, for example, the ease of removal of dirt resulting from a water drop adhered to the surface. The glass substrate may be formed of a reinforced glass.

The present disclosure provides a coating-attached glass article having improved easy-to-clean properties. The provided coating-attached glass article includes a glass substrate and an easy-to-clean coating on the glass substrate. The coating includes cerium oxide, and a contact angle of water on a surface of the coating is 60° or more and 130° or less. The coating improves, for example, the ease of removal of dirt resulting from a water drop adhered to the surface. The glass substrate may be formed of a reinforced glass.