An immersion weaving system includes a first drum immersed in a first bath of a liquid. The first drum is configured to form a glass strand from individual glass filaments. The immersion weaving system also includes a second drum immersed in the first bath of the liquid. The second drum is configured to form a yarn spool from the glass strand. The immersion weaving system further includes a loom immersed in a second bath of the liquid. The loom is configured to form a void-free glass cloth.

The method includes the steps of functionalizing a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) polymer, and blending the PAEK polymer with water to form a sizing composition. The method may further include the step of applying the sizing composition to a fiber. The method may further include the step of heating the fibers, coated with sizing composition, for example to between 300 C.-400 C. In some methods, the functionalized PAEK polymer comprises functionalized polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). In yet other methods, the functionalized PAEK polymer comprises sulfonated PEKK (sPEKK).

The method includes the steps of functionalizing a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) polymer, and blending the PAEK polymer with water to form a sizing composition. The method may further include the step of applying the sizing composition to a fiber. The method may further include the step of heating the fibers, coated with sizing composition, for example to between 300 C.-400 C. In some methods, the functionalized PAEK polymer comprises functionalized polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). In yet other methods, the functionalized PAEK polymer comprises sulfonated PEKK (sPEKK).

An optical fiber temperature sensor including a lead-in fiber and black body emitter. The lead-in optical fiber includes a fiber end, and the black body emitter is fused on the fiber end, wherein the black body emitter is made up of a melted high emissivity material included integrally in melted silica. Further embodiments include temperature monitoring apparatus with one or more optical fiber temperature sensors, and electronic device processing apparatus including optical fiber temperature monitoring. Numerous other aspects and embodiments are included.

An optical fiber temperature sensor including a lead-in fiber and black body emitter. The lead-in optical fiber includes a fiber end, and the black body emitter is fused on the fiber end, wherein the black body emitter is made up of a melted high emissivity material included integrally in melted silica. Further embodiments include temperature monitoring apparatus with one or more optical fiber temperature sensors, and electronic device processing apparatus including optical fiber temperature monitoring. Numerous other aspects and embodiments are included.

A glass fiber filter element for visible light photocatalysis and air purification and a method for preparing the same. The glass fiber filter element includes 4 to 7 wt % of nanoparticles including at least one selected from zinc oxide, graphene oxide, titanium oxide, and reduced graphene oxide, 2 to 7 wt % of silver nanowires, 3 to 12 wt % of an adhesive system, and 78 to 91 wt % of a glass fiber mat, based on the total weight of the glass fiber filter element. The glass fiber mat is made of at least two glass fibers with different diameters, and the diameters are in a range of 0.15 to 3.5 ?m. The nanoparticles have a particle size from 1 to 200 nm, and the silver nanowires have a diameter of 15 to 50 nm.

A glass fiber filter element for visible light photocatalysis and air purification and a method for preparing the same. The glass fiber filter element includes 4 to 7 wt % of nanoparticles including at least one selected from zinc oxide, graphene oxide, titanium oxide, and reduced graphene oxide, 2 to 7 wt % of silver nanowires, 3 to 12 wt % of an adhesive system, and 78 to 91 wt % of a glass fiber mat, based on the total weight of the glass fiber filter element. The glass fiber mat is made of at least two glass fibers with different diameters, and the diameters are in a range of 0.15 to 3.5 ?m. The nanoparticles have a particle size from 1 to 200 nm, and the silver nanowires have a diameter of 15 to 50 nm.

The method includes the steps of functionalizing a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) polymer, and blending the PAEK polymer with water to form a sizing composition. The method may further include the step of applying the sizing composition to a fiber. The method may further include the step of heating the fibers, coated with sizing composition, for example to between 300 C-400 C. In some methods, the functionalized PAEK polymer comprises functionalized polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). In yet other methods, the functionalized PAEK polymer comprises sulfonated PEKK (sPEKK).

The method includes the steps of functionalizing a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) polymer, and blending the PAEK polymer with water to form a sizing composition. The method may further include the step of applying the sizing composition to a fiber. The method may further include the step of heating the fibers, coated with sizing composition, for example to between 300 C-400 C. In some methods, the functionalized PAEK polymer comprises functionalized polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). In yet other methods, the functionalized PAEK polymer comprises sulfonated PEKK (sPEKK).

Disclosed are a method and a device for preparing a single-crystal cladding. The method may include preparing an amorphous material; melting the amorphous material to form an amorphous melt; submerging an optical fiber in the amorphous melt; forming an amorphous cladding around a periphery of the optical fiber; and obtaining the single-crystal cladding by performing a crystallization process on the amorphous cladding. The device may include an amorphous material preparation component configured to prepare an amorphous material; an amorphous cladding preparation component configured to melt the amorphous material to form an amorphous melt, submerge an optical fiber in the amorphous melt, and form an amorphous cladding around a periphery of the optical fiber based on the amorphous melt and the optical fiber; and a single-crystal cladding preparation assembly configured to perform a crystallization process on the amorphous cladding to obtain a single-crystal cladding.