An antiskid and wear-resistant glaze, an antiskid, wear-resistant and easy-to-clean ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of building ceramics, are provided. This antiskid and wear-resistant glaze is prepared by antiskid and wear-resistant particles, a printing paste and sodium tripolyphosphate. This antiskid, wear-resistant and easy-to-clean ceramic tile comprises, from the bottom up, a green body layer, an overglaze layer, a decoration layer, an antiskid and wear-resistant layer and an easy-to-clean protection layer provided in turn, wherein the antiskid and wear-resistant layer is mainly prepared by antiskid and wear-resistant particles, and the easy-to-clean protection layer is mainly prepared by easy-to-clean protection particles.

A ceramic printing ink is provided that is suitable for application using an inkjet printing process to produce a coating on glass ceramics. The ink includes a glassy material of glass particles and pigment particles. The glass particles are present in a ratio of total weight to the pigment particles of at least 1.5 and less than 19. The glass particles have an equivalent diameter d.sub.90 ranging from at least 0.5 μm to at most 5 μm. The ink has an effective coefficient of linear thermal expansion, α.sub.20-300,eff, in a range from 6.5*10.sup.−6/K to 11*10.sup.−6/K.

Coated glass panes having a glass pane and a coating in at least one region of at least one side of the glass pane. The glass pane is composed of glass with SiO.sub.2 and B.sub.2O.sub.3. The coating includes first coating applied in at least one region of the at least one side. The first coating has a binder with SiO.sub.2 and a pigment. The glass pane, in the at least one region, has a flexural strength between at least 5 and at most 170 MPa.

Durable and scratch resistant articles including low-reflectance optical coating with gradient portion. In some embodiments, an article comprises: a substrate comprising a first major surface; and an optical coating disposed over the first major surface. The optical coating comprises: a second major surface; a thickness; and a first gradient portion. A refractive index of the optical coating varies along a thickness of the optical coating. The difference between the maximum refractive index of the first gradient portion and the minimum refractive index of the first gradient portion is 0.05 or greater. The absolute value of the slope of the refractive index of the first gradient portion is 0.1/nm or less everywhere along the thickness of the first gradient portion. The article exhibits a single side photopic average light reflectance of 3% or less, and a maximum hardness from 10 GPa to 30 GPa.

A process for obtaining a material including a textured glass substrate coated, on at least one of its textured faces, with an antireflective coating of sol-gel type based on porous silica, includes a stage of application, to the at least one textured face of the substrate, of a solution containing at least one silica precursor and at least one pore-forming agent, then a heat treatment stage targeted at consolidating the antireflective coating. Before the application stage, the glass substrate is subjected to a preheating stage, so that the at least one textured face intended to be coated with the antireflective coating has a temperature within a range extending from 30° C. to 100° C. immediately before the application stage.

Provided is an antireflective member that has a water- and oil-repellent layer on a multi-layered antireflective layer and is capable of exhibiting excellent surface lubricity, water- and oil-repellent properties, and durability. The surface of the multi-layered antireflective layer on a base material has a root-mean-square surface roughness of 0.8 nm to 2.0 nm. The water- and oil-repellent layer has a thickness of 1 to 30 nm and is a cured product of water- and oil-repellents having as principal components a fluorooxyalkylene group-containing polymer modified organosilicon compound with the numerical average molecular weight of 4,500 to 10,000 of a fluoropolymer part and/or partial hydrolysis condensate thereof.

The invention provides a method of processing glass that involves forming a flexible gel layer on a flexible glass sheet to create a glass-gel sheet; rolling-up the glass-gel sheet into the form of a roll; placing the roll in a dryer; and drying the flexible gel layer so as to form a flexible aerogel layer. Some embodiments provide a glazing unit that includes a glass-aerogel sheet located between first and second panes of the glazing unit, where the glass-aerogel sheet includes a flexible glass sheet and a flexible aerogel layer on the flexible glass sheet. In such embodiments, the first and second panes each have thicknesses that are greater than a thickness of the flexible glass sheet. Other embodiments provide a glass assembly having a flexible aerogel layer on a flexible glass sheet, with the flexible glass sheet being laminated to a glass pane.

A coated glazing includes a transparent glass substrate and a coating located on the glass substrate. The coating is provided with at least the following layers in sequence starting from the glass substrate: a first layer having a refractive index of more than 1.6, an optional second layer having a refractive index that is less than the refractive index of the first layer, a third layer based on tin dioxide, a fourth layer based on an oxide of silicon, and a fifth layer based on titanium dioxide, wherein the fifth layer is photocatalytic.

An antireflection structure comprising a transparent substrate having a plurality of holes with U-shaped or V-shaped cross-sectional shapes perpendicular to a flat surface portion and a metal oxide film disposed on the surface portion of the transparent substrate and in the space portions formed in an upward direction from the bottom portions of holes in the transparent substrate, wherein the average diameter of the openings of the holes is 50 nm to 300 nm, the average distance between the center points of openings of the adjacent holes is 100 nm to 400 nm, and the depth of each hole from the surface portion of the substrate is 80 nm to 250 nm; and the thickness of the metal oxide film disposed in each of the space portions increases as the depth of each of the holes becomes larger, thereby reducing the difference in depth between the holes from the uppermost surface portion of the metal oxide film disposed on the surface portion to the surface portions of the metal oxide films in the space portions.

A transparent substrate provided with a multilayer film includes: a transparent substrate having two main surfaces; and a multilayer film obtained by laminating a metal oxide layer and a silicon oxide layer in order on at least one of the main surfaces of the transparent substrate. SiO.sub.x in at least one silicon oxide layer in the multilayer film satisfies a relationship 1.55≤x<2.00. The multilayer film has a luminous transmittance of 20% to 89% and a resistance value of 10.sup.4 Ω/sq or higher. x in SiO.sub.x is a value determined by depth direction composition analysis in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) using argon ion sputtering. When the silicon oxide layer is an outermost layer, the value of x is determined excluding a point where a sputtering time is 0 minute.