A perovskite optical element includes a light guiding unit and a luminescent layer. The light guiding unit is configured to conduct light and serves as a resonant cavity. The luminescent layer is a thin film made of perovskite material and clads the light guiding unit. The luminescent layer is configured to be excited by an excitation module to emit light. The light is conducted and output by the light guiding unit. A manufacturing method of a perovskite optical element includes preparing a dip coating solution; dipping a single crystal optical fiber in the dip coating solution for one hour, removing the single crystal optical fiber out of the dip coating solution, and drying the single crystal optical fiber; and placing the single crystal optical fiber into a tube furnace, heating the crystal optical fiber, and introducing synthetic molecules into the tube furnace.

The present invention relates to a Z-type heterojunction photoanode film used for the photocathode protection of a reinforcing bar, the preparation method thereof and a method for the corrosion inhibition of mental materials from concrete structures in marine engineering by using the Z-type heterojunction photoanode film used for the photocathode protection of a reinforcing bar. The preparation method includes steps of preparing Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 on the conducting surface of a clean conductive substrate through the hydrothermal process, preparing Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-PANI composite photoanode film by depositing polyaniline on the surface of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 through the electrochemical synthesis and preparing Ru-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-PANI composite photoanode film on the surface of the Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-PANI composite photoanode film through the in situ chemical reduction method. The technical solution in the present invention can achieve highly effective photocathode protection of a reinforcing bar from concretes in marine engineering and improve the durability of concrete structures in marine engineering.

A surface-modified glass that includes glass containing at least one multivalent metal ion; and a silicate film on a surface of the glass, the silicate film containing a multivalent metal ion in common with that of the glass.

A method for forming a super-insulating material for a vacuum insulated structure for an appliance includes disposing hollow glass spheres within a rotating drum, wherein a plurality of interstitial spaces are defined between the hollow glass spheres. An anchor material is disposed within the rotating drum. The hollow glass spheres and the anchor material are rotated within the rotating drum, wherein the anchor material is mixed with the hollow glass spheres to partially occupy the interstitial spaces. A silica-based material is disposed within the rotating drum. The silica-based material is mixed with the anchor material and the hollow glass spheres to define a super-insulating material, wherein the silica-based material attaches to the anchor material and is entrapped within the interstitial spaces. The silica-based material and the anchor material occupy substantially all of an interstitial volume defined by the interstitial spaces.

Described herein are compositions including a silanol compound that is suitably synthesized, stored, and coated from an aqueous solution. Once coated and cured on a suitable surface, the aqueous silanol compositions result in cleanable and abrasion resistant surfaces, such as dry-erase surfaces that release permanent marker by rubbing with a dry cloth or towel. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the silanol compounds, methods of making cleanable substrates, and cleanable substrates suitably formed using the disclosed methods.

According to one or more embodiments, a pharmaceutical package may include a glass container and a coating. The glass container may include a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The first surface may be an outer surface of the glass container. The coating may be positioned over at least a portion of the first surface of the glass container. The coating may include one or more polyimide compositions and one or more metal oxide compositions. The one or more polyimide compositions and the one or more metal oxide compositions may be mixed in the coating.

Disclosed herein are methods for forming a graphene film on a substrate, the methods comprising depositing graphene on a surface of the substrate by a first vapor deposition step to form a discontinuous graphene crystal layer; depositing a graphene oxide layer on the discontinuous graphene crystal layer to form a composite layer; and depositing graphene on the composite layer by a second vapor deposition step, wherein the graphene oxide layer is substantially reduced to a graphene layer during the second vapor deposition step. Transparent coated substrates comprising such graphene films are also disclosed herein, wherein the graphene films have a resistance of less than about 10 KΩ/sq.

Disclosed are a detection chip and a modification method therefor. The modification method includes performing a surface activation treatment on a hydrophilic layer of the detection chip, such that a hydroxy-containing modification group is formed on a surface of the hydrophilic layer; then performing a surface amination treatment on the hydrophilic layer using a solution containing an amino compound, such that an amino-containing modification group is formed on the surface of the hydrophilic layer, and performing a surface carboxylation treatment on the hydrophilic layer using a solution containing an anhydride compound, such that a carboxyl-containing modification group is formed on the surface of the hydrophilic layer.

The invention relates to a method for depositing metal particles on a textile support, which comprises: placing at least one textile sheet (1) made of side-emitting optical fibers (2) in contact with a solution containing at least one ionic precursor of a metal to be deposited, the textile sheet (1) being formed from optical fibers (2) woven in warp and/or weft with binding threads in warp and/or weft, each of the optical fibers (2) having invasive alterations (5) along the fiber and allowing the emission of light propagating in the fiber at these alterations (5), the textile sheet (1) being coated on all or part of the surfaces thereof with a layer of semiconductor particles (4) having photocatalytic properties, the textile sheet (1) and the solution being contained in a space of a reactor (9), the space being free of oxygen; illuminating the textile sheet (1) by at least one light source (7) connected to all or part of the free ends (6) of the optical fibers (2), the light source generating light radiation suitable for activating the photocatalysis of the semiconductor inducing the deposition of metal particles on the photocatalytic layer (4).

Provided herein are methods of making and using storage-stable protein-coated articles that retain activity after drying. Also provided herein are kits comprising storage-stable protein-coated articles that retain activity after drying.