A heating device equipped with a chamber defining a cavity, includes a door or wall incorporating a multiple glazing, the glazing including at least one transparent substrate coated on each face with a stack of thin layers, namely: on a first face, turned toward the cavity, a first stack that reflects heat essentially by virtue of one or more functional layers based on indium tin oxide; and on the other face, turned toward the exterior of the device, a second stack that reflects heat essentially by virtue of one or more functional layers based on a metal chosen from gold or silver.

The present invention relates to a method capable of easily manufacturing a curved thin glass sheet and a curved joined glass sheet to which functionality is added.

Disclosed herein are graphene coatings characterized by a porous, three-dimensional, spherical structure having a hollow core, along with methods for forming such graphene coatings on glasses, glass-ceramics, ceramics, and crystalline materials. Such coatings can be further coated with organic or inorganic layers and are useful in chemical and electronic applications.

Methods of bonding substrates are provided, including forming a thin film of a metal oxide on a bonding surface of both or either of a pair of substrates, at least one of which is a transparent substrate, and contacting the bonding surfaces of the pair of substrates with each other via the thin film of the metal oxide.

The present invention includes a method of creating electrical air gap low loss low cost RF mechanically and thermally stabilized interdigitated resonate filter in photo definable glass ceramic substrate. Where a ground plane may be used to adjacent to or below the RF filter in order to prevent parasitic electronic signals, RF signals, differential voltage build up and floating grounds from disrupting and degrading the performance of isolated electronic devices by the fabrication of electrical isolation and ground plane structures on a photo-definable glass substrate.

A polyimide precursor resin composition for forming a flexible device substrate, including a polyamic acid having a structure obtained from a tetracarboxylic acid component including at least one of 3,3,4,4-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and pyromellitic dianhydride, a diamine component including at least one of paraphenylene diamine and 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether, and a carboxylic acid monoanhydride, the polyamic acid satisfying equations (1) and (2) below:

0.97X/Y<1.00Equation (1)

0.5(Z/2)/(YX)1.05Equation (2)

in which X represents a number of moles of tetracarboxylic acid component, Y represents a number of moles of diamine component, and Z represents a number of moles of the carboxylic acid monoanhydride.

A wavelength conversion element includes a wavelength conversion layer which has a first face on which an excitation light is incident and a second face facing the first face, a first layer which is provided facing the second face and contains a first inorganic oxide, a second layer which is provided facing the first layer and contains a first metal or a second inorganic oxide that is different from the first inorganic oxide, and a third layer which is provided facing the second layer, contains either silver or aluminum, and reflects the excitation light or a light obtained by wavelength conversion of the excitation light by the wavelength conversion layer.

Platinum films can be obtained by AACVD using a class of Pt-dialkyldithiocarbamates complexes, of the formula Pt(S.sub.2CNR.sub.2), wherein R is independently alkyl, such as isobutyl, aryl, or alkaryl, such as benzyl, particularly as single source precursors. The catalytic performance of the resulting Pt-films allows their use as counter electrodes in dye sensitized solar cells, for example. The efficiency of the AACVD-produced electrodes can be better than a conventionally used Pt-counter electrodes made by the doctor blade's method. The Pt(S.sub.2CNR.sub.2)-derived films have well connected and defect free surface topography and better catalytic performance, likely due to their high conductivity and reflectivity. A simple and low cost method employing such dithiocarbamate precursors can generate Pt-films and electrodes of broad applicability.

The present invention includes a method of creating electrical air gap low loss low cost RF mechanically and thermally stabilized interdigitated resonate filter in photo definable glass ceramic substrate. Where a ground plane may be used to adjacent to or below the RF filter in order to prevent parasitic electronic signals, RF signals, differential voltage build up and floating grounds from disrupting and degrading the performance of isolated electronic devices by the fabrication of electrical isolation and ground plane structures on a photo-definable glass substrate.

Provided is a polarizing plate having a wire grid structure, comprising a transparent substrate, a first antireflection film laminated on the first surface of the transparent substrate, a plurality of protrusions protruding from the first antireflection film, a second antireflection layer laminated on a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the plurality of protrusions are periodically arranged at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of light in a use band, each of the protrusions extends in in a first direction and includes a reflective layer, a dielectric layer, and an absorption layer in order from the first direction, and both the first antireflection layer and the second antireflection layer have high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers that are alternately laminated.