A binder for use in leaching a heap of a low-permeability ore containing at least one of the following: copper ore, copper/cobalt ore, nickel laterite ore and uranium ore, wherein the binder comprises an acid-proof cement formed by modifying ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with a supplementary cementitious material (SCM).

A composition of matter, including a phlogopite powder or muscovite powder, clinoptilolite or mordenite, and kaolinite. The composition of matter is prepared as follows: 1) mixing the phlogopite powder or muscovite powder, the clinoptilolite or mordenite, and the kaolinite in a weight ratio of 50-70:0-30:0-50; adding a solution including isopropanol and n-butanol to a mixture of the phlogopite powder or muscovite powder, the clinoptilolite or mordenite, and the kaolinite, thereby yielding a mixed solution; 2) adding a silane coupling agent to the mixed solution, and continuously magnetically stirring the mixed solution for 30 min; adding distilled water to the mixed solution, and continuously magnetically stirring for 30 min; and adding methyl silicone oil to the mixed solution, and magnetically stirring for an hour, thereby yielding a slurry; and 3) drying the slurry at a temperature of 150-200 C.

A magnesium phosphate bone cement includes a powder agent and a liquid agent. A liquid-to-solid ratio of the liquid agent to the powder agent is 0.1-0.5 ml/g. The powder agent comprises following components: phosphate accounting for 32-70 wt %, magnesium oxide accounting for 28-65 wt %, and silicon-containing compound accounting for 1-15 wt %. Preferably, the powder agent further comprises ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and degradable and adhesion-promoting material, wherein the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for 5-30 wt % of a total weight of the phosphate.

A magnesium phosphate bone cement includes a powder agent and a liquid agent. A liquid-to-solid ratio of the liquid agent to the powder agent is 0.1-0.5 ml/g. The powder agent comprises following components: phosphate accounting for 32-70 wt %, magnesium oxide accounting for 28-65 wt %, and silicon-containing compound accounting for 1-15 wt %. Preferably, the powder agent further comprises ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and degradable and adhesion-promoting material, wherein the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for 5-30 wt % of a total weight of the phosphate.

Methods and compositions for a foamed treatment fluid in a wellbore. A method of treating a lost circulation zone comprising: introducing a foamed treatment fluid into a lost circulation zone in a subterranean formation, wherein the foamed treatment fluid comprises: a cement; a viscosifying agent; a thixotropic additive; a foaming surfactant; a gas; and water; allowing the foamed treatment fluid to set in the lost circulation zone to seal the lost circulation zone. A foamed treatment fluid comprising: a cement; a viscosifying agent; a thixotropic additive; a foaming surfactant; a gas; and water.

The present disclosure relates to a cementious composition (e.g. for mounting a strain gauge within a gas turbine engine) comprising: part A comprising an acidic solution of a metal salt; part B comprising silica and one or more metal oxides; and part C comprising colloidal silica and/or a silicate solution. Part A may comprise an acidic aluminium phosphate solution. Part B may comprise one or more or all of titanium oxide, chromium oxide, alumina and barium oxide

A well cementation working solution prepared from red mud, slag and waste drilling fluids. The working solution is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of waste drilling fluids, 50-100 parts of slag, 5-50 parts of red mud, 4-7 parts of a suspension stabilizer, 1-7 parts of an activating aid, 0.5-5 parts of an anti-pollution agent and 0.4-3.5 parts of a diluent. The waste drilling fluids are waste waterborne drilling fluids. The slag is blast furnace slag or vanadium-titanium slag. The suspension stabilizer is sodium bentonite, carboxymethyl cellulose or a mixture of sodium bentonite and carboxymethyl cellulose. The activating aid is sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, sodium carbonate or a mixture of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate and sodium carbonate. The anti-pollution agent is sodium salicylate, potassium citrate or a mixture of sodium salicylate and potassium citrate. The diluent is sodium lignin sulfonate.

The present invention provides an admixture composition comprising a liquid suspension of colloidal silica, siloxane, and polycarboxylate polymer cement dispersant for enhancing early age strength, finishability, and other properties in hydratable cementitious compositions such as concrete (e.g., shotcrete). An inventive method involves mixing the components together in a specific sequence, thereby to obtain a stable liquid suspension. This attainment of a stable liquid suspension is surprising and unexpected because (i) the polycarboxylate polymer cement dispersant and siloxane components are incompatible and immiscible with one another; and (ii) that colloidal silica and siloxane compound are incompatible and immiscible with one another. Yet, the present inventors achieved an additive in the form of a stable liquid suspension which can be conveniently dosed into concretes and shotcrete mixtures, to enhance early age strength, and to improve workability and rheology in terms of finishability of concrete surfaces and improved rebound performance in shotcrete applications.

The present invention provides an admixture composition comprising a liquid suspension of colloidal silica, siloxane, and polycarboxylate polymer cement dispersant for enhancing early age strength, finishability, and other properties in hydratable cementitious compositions such as concrete (e.g., shotcrete). An inventive method involves mixing the components together in a specific sequence, thereby to obtain a stable liquid suspension. This attainment of a stable liquid suspension is surprising and unexpected because (i) the polycarboxylate polymer cement dispersant and siloxane components are incompatible and immiscible with one another; and (ii) that colloidal silica and siloxane compound are incompatible and immiscible with one another. Yet, the present inventors achieved an additive in the form of a stable liquid suspension which can be conveniently dosed into concretes and shotcrete mixtures, to enhance early age strength, and to improve workability and rheology in terms of finishability of concrete surfaces and improved rebound performance in shotcrete applications.

A refractory composition including refractory aggregate, one or more matrix components, and silicate-coated set accelerator particles. The silicate-coated set accelerator particles can include one more of silicate-coated calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium chloride, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and calcium sulfate. Suitable silicate coatings include sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate and mixtures thereof. A method of recovering an aged refractory composition, a settable composition and a method of manufacturing silicate-coated calcium hydroxide particles are also provided.