The present invention relates to a composition for manufacturing artificial marble including a first preliminary composition and a second preliminary composition which include an acrylic-based monomer, an acrylic-based resin, a polymerization initiator, a crosslinking agent, a coloring agent, and a gelling agent and have a viscosity of 100,000 Ps to 5,000,000 Ps and/or a storage modulus of 100,000 Pa to 1,000,000 Pa. A viscosity of the second preliminary composition is higher than a viscosity of the first preliminary composition. Coloring agents of the first preliminary composition and the second preliminary composition have different colors. A weight ratio of the first preliminary composition to the second preliminary composition is in a range of 1:1 to 500:1. According to the present invention, artificial marble having a dashed pattern similar to that of natural marble is provided by increasing viscoelasticity to prepare semi-solid preliminary compositions for manufacturing artificial marble, having excellent workability and machinability, preparing a composition for manufacturing artificial marble by mixing two or more of the semi-solid preliminary compositions, and performing various molding and machining processes on the composition.

A fire insulation precursor material formed of cement, in an amount of between 10-30% w/w; and an aluminium or magnesium hydroxide, huntite or hydromagnesite in an amount of between 60-90% w/w/. A fire insulation material is provided including the previously mentioned precursor material. Further described are methods of forming a fire insulation material and applications for such material in sheaths, duct coatings, cable trays and other elongate components.

A fire insulation precursor material formed of cement, in an amount of between 10-30% w/w; and an aluminium or magnesium hydroxide, huntite or hydromagnesite in an amount of between 60-90% w/w/. A fire insulation material is provided including the previously mentioned precursor material. Further described are methods of forming a fire insulation material and applications for such material in sheaths, duct coatings, cable trays and other elongate components.

An electrical steel sheet (1) includes a base material (2) of electrical steel, and an insulating film (3) formed on a surface of the base material (2), the insulating film (3) containing a polyvalent metal phosphate and Fe. A maximum value of a parameter Q expressed by “Q=C.sub.Fe—O/C.sub.P” is equal to or less than 1.3 times an average value of the parameter Q in a region from a first depth from a surface of the insulating film to a second depth, C.sub.Fe—O denoting a proportion (atom %) of Fe bonded to O relative to all elements, and C.sub.P denoting a proportion (atom %) of P relative to all elements. The first depth is 20 nm from the surface, and the second depth is a depth where the proportion of P is equal to a proportion of metal Fe.

An electrical steel sheet (1) includes a base material (2) of electrical steel, and an insulating film (3) formed on a surface of the base material (2), the insulating film (3) containing a polyvalent metal phosphate and Fe. A maximum value of a parameter Q expressed by “Q=C.sub.Fe—O/C.sub.P” is equal to or less than 1.3 times an average value of the parameter Q in a region from a first depth from a surface of the insulating film to a second depth, C.sub.Fe—O denoting a proportion (atom %) of Fe bonded to O relative to all elements, and C.sub.P denoting a proportion (atom %) of P relative to all elements. The first depth is 20 nm from the surface, and the second depth is a depth where the proportion of P is equal to a proportion of metal Fe.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for increasing the viscosity of a calcium-containing fluid by addition of a modifying agent. The resulting enhanced viscosity fluid may be used in a variety of applications including drilling, to create an enhanced-viscosity fluid, and demolition/mining to create an expansive putty for use in underwater and overhead applications.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for increasing the viscosity of a calcium-containing fluid by addition of a modifying agent. The resulting enhanced viscosity fluid may be used in a variety of applications including drilling, to create an enhanced-viscosity fluid, and demolition/mining to create an expansive putty for use in underwater and overhead applications.

The present invention relates to a cementitous composite specifically engineered to possess self-cleaning abilities while maintaining their unique strain-hardening behaviour and the preparation of the said composite. The cementitious composite comprises a hydraulic cement, a plurality of fibers, in particular polyvinyl alcohol fibers wherein the ratio of the plurality of fibers to the hydraulic cement is in a range from 1 to 3% by volume; a self-cleaning agent, in particular nanoparticulate titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) wherein the weight ratio of the self-cleaning agent to the hydraulic cement is in a range from 0.01 to 1.

The present invention relates to a cementitous composite specifically engineered to possess self-cleaning abilities while maintaining their unique strain-hardening behaviour and the preparation of the said composite. The cementitious composite comprises a hydraulic cement, a plurality of fibers, in particular polyvinyl alcohol fibers wherein the ratio of the plurality of fibers to the hydraulic cement is in a range from 1 to 3% by volume; a self-cleaning agent, in particular nanoparticulate titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) wherein the weight ratio of the self-cleaning agent to the hydraulic cement is in a range from 0.01 to 1.

Portland cement compositions for use in high-temperature, high pressure wells are designed such that the lime-to-silica molar ratio is between 0.5 and 1.0, and the alumina-to-silica molar ratio is between 0.05 and 0.10. After curing and setting at temperatures between 85° C. and 300° C., the cement compositions form tobermorite as an initial and permanent calcium silicate hydrate phase.