A cold fusion concrete formulation including a mixture of water, silicon based mineral aggregates acting as a filler material; sodium or potassium metasilicate/pentahydrate acting as an activator; waste from steel production including Granulated Ground Blast Slag acting as a cementitious ingredient; high calcium or low calcium waste from coal combustion (fly ash or bottom ash) acting as a cementitious ingredient; sodium tetraborate, sodium citrate dihydrate, citric acid, or boric acid acting as set-time retarders; strengthening agents including calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, or aluminium hydroxides; attapulgite, kaolin, red, or other fine grained, high alumino silicate containing clay, for increasing the silicon and alumino-silicate concentration and associated strength; a protein or synthetic protein material to form a weak covalent bond with the hydroxides and silicates, for the purpose of maintaining a consistent volume during the curing process; and a pollinated fern oil to reduce water content of the mixture and decrease viscosity.

A cold fusion concrete formulation including a mixture of water, silicon based mineral aggregates acting as a filler material; sodium or potassium metasilicate/pentahydrate acting as an activator; waste from steel production including Granulated Ground Blast Slag acting as a cementitious ingredient; high calcium or low calcium waste from coal combustion (fly ash or bottom ash) acting as a cementitious ingredient; sodium tetraborate, sodium citrate dihydrate, citric acid, or boric acid acting as set-time retarders; strengthening agents including calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, or aluminium hydroxides; attapulgite, kaolin, red, or other fine grained, high alumino silicate containing clay, for increasing the silicon and alumino-silicate concentration and associated strength; a protein or synthetic protein material to form a weak covalent bond with the hydroxides and silicates, for the purpose of maintaining a consistent volume during the curing process; and a pollinated fern oil to reduce water content of the mixture and decrease viscosity.

A cementitious composite and cured masonry block made from the cementitious composite. The cementitious composite contains a cement, a non-rubber aggregate, a crumb rubber and at least one of cement kiln dust and limestone powder. The crumb rubber aggregate is extracted from scrap tires after being processed and then mixed in specified percentages with the aggregate, the cement and water, then cured in forms to make the masonry blocks. In the present disclosure sand, which is used in conventional masonry blocks, is at least partially replaced with crumb rubber to produce a sand-free or sand-reduced masonry block that contains crumb rubber. The crumb rubber masonry blocks satisfy the ASTM non-load bearing requirements. The use of crumb rubber decreases the unit weight and increases thermal resistance of the masonry blocks. The use of cement kiln dust or limestone as a partial replacement of cement will lead to decrease in the cost. The use of industrial waste materials, such as crumb rubber, limestone powder and cement kiln dust, will lead to economic and environmental benefits.

Cementitious mixtures, such as concrete, can be reinforced by adding one or more ductile but strong synthetic copolymer microfibers to the mixture. The synthetic copolymer microfibers improve local energy dissipation and bear load, taking the driving force for crack propagation away from the crack tip and thus reinforcing the cementitious mixture against the propagation of microscopic cracks. The resulting mixtures have an improved balance of strength properties.

The present invention provides bi-component polymeric macrofibers having an ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) outer component and a core or second component comprising a polymer blend of polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride and polypropylene or polyethylene. The bi-component polymeric macrofibers provide excellent fiber reinforcement in concrete applications.

Disclosed is a structure of a matrix, reinforced with a plurality of polymeric fibers protruding from at least a portion of the structure surface, the fibers being capable of endowing (attributing) the at least a portion of the surfacewith biological or chemical resistance. In some embodiments, the polymeric fibers, as further discussed hereinbelow, contain or are coated with at least one biological or chemical agent which further contributes to the endowment of biological or chemical resistance.

Disclosed is a structure of a matrix, reinforced with a plurality of polymeric fibers protruding from at least a portion of the structure surface, the fibers being capable of endowing (attributing) the at least a portion of the surfacewith biological or chemical resistance. In some embodiments, the polymeric fibers, as further discussed hereinbelow, contain or are coated with at least one biological or chemical agent which further contributes to the endowment of biological or chemical resistance.

A cold fusion concrete formulation including a mixture of water, silicon based mineral aggregates acting as a filler material; sodium or potassium metasilicate/pentahydrate acting as an activator; waste from steel production including Granulated Ground Blast Slag acting as a cementitious ingredient; high calcium or low calcium waste from coal combustion (fly ash or bottom ash) acting as a cementitious ingredient; sodium tetraborate, sodium citrate dihydrate, citric acid, or boric acid acting as set-time retarders; strengthening agents including including calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, or aluminium hydroxides; attapulgite, kaolin, red, or other fine grained, high alumino silicate containing clay, for increasing the silicon and alumino-silicate concentration and associated strength; a protein or synthetic protein material to form a weak covalent bond with the hydroxides and silicates, for the purpose of maintaining a consistent volume during the curing process; and a pollinated fern oil to reduce water content of the mixture and decrease viscosity.

A cold fusion concrete formulation including a mixture of water, silicon based mineral aggregates acting as a filler material; sodium or potassium metasilicate/pentahydrate acting as an activator; waste from steel production including Granulated Ground Blast Slag acting as a cementitious ingredient; high calcium or low calcium waste from coal combustion (fly ash or bottom ash) acting as a cementitious ingredient; sodium tetraborate, sodium citrate dihydrate, citric acid, or boric acid acting as set-time retarders; strengthening agents including including calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, or aluminium hydroxides; attapulgite, kaolin, red, or other fine grained, high alumino silicate containing clay, for increasing the silicon and alumino-silicate concentration and associated strength; a protein or synthetic protein material to form a weak covalent bond with the hydroxides and silicates, for the purpose of maintaining a consistent volume during the curing process; and a pollinated fern oil to reduce water content of the mixture and decrease viscosity.

A railway tie being constructed of an engineered cementitious composite (ECC) material having: (1) a minimum of 2% tensile ductility of ECC, (2) complete absence of alkali-silica reaction (ASR), (3) high fatigue resistance of ECC at least five times that of normal concrete, (4) self-healing ability of ECC requiring only water and air, and (5) customization of ECC for lower stiffness in the tie (60% that of normal concrete) and higher abrasion resistance in the seat (three times that of normal concrete).