Preparing hybrid-treated plastic particles from waste plastic includes combining waste plastic particles with bio-oil to yield a mixture, irradiating the mixture with microwave radiation to yield oil-treated plastic particles, and contacting the oil-treated plastic particles with carbon-containing nanoparticles to yield hybrid-treated plastic particles. The hybrid-treated plastic particles have a bio-oil modified surface and a coating comprising carbon-containing nanoparticles on the bio-oil modified surface of the plastic particle. In some examples, a diameter of the plastic particle is in a range between 250 m and 750 m, and a thickness of the coating is in a range of 1 nm to 20 nm. A modified binder includes an asphalt binder or a concrete binder and a multiplicity of the treated plastic particles. The modified binder typically includes 5 wt % to 25 wt % of the hybrid-treated plastic particles.

Concrete made using the protocol described herein converts more of the available calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH).sub.2) into calcium carbonate (CaCO.sub.3) and distributes it more thoroughly throughout the concrete mixture by converting it into calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO.sub.3).sub.2) by adjusting the pH of the hydrating liquid and then deliberately adjusting the pH of the hydrating liquid again when precipitation of the CaCO.sub.3 from the hydration liquid is desired to more uniformly coat the materials used in a concrete mix. This process creates more CaCO.sub.3 in concrete than current methods on the market and that has been demonstrated to increase the structural and chemical properties of the concrete.

Concrete made using the protocol described herein converts more of the available calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH).sub.2) into calcium carbonate (CaCO.sub.3) and distributes it more thoroughly throughout the concrete mixture by converting it into calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO.sub.3).sub.2) by adjusting the pH of the hydrating liquid and then deliberately adjusting the pH of the hydrating liquid again when precipitation of the CaCO.sub.3 from the hydration liquid is desired to more uniformly coat the materials used in a concrete mix. This process creates more CaCO.sub.3 in concrete than current methods on the market and that has been demonstrated to increase the structural and chemical properties of the concrete.

Described is a method of manufacturing a binder and the use of the binder to manufacture a roading mixture through mixing with aggregate, or a composite plastic product through the mixture of binder with particulate matter and/or fibre. The binder comprises mixing a plastic with two or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in a mixing tank. The two or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers may have different homopolymer glass transition temperatures (TO wherein a first monomer structural unit has a homopolymer T.sub.g of greater than 80° C. and a second monomer having a homopolymer T.sub.g of less than 80° C. The plastic may be selected from a plastic comprising a styrene homopolymer, a styrene copolymer, a copolymer of an alkene and vinyl acetate, acrylic polymer and nylon based polymers or co-polymers, polyester-based thermoplastic polymer resin, propylene-based thermoplastic polymer and homo-polymer of an alkene or combination thereof.

Described is a method of manufacturing a binder and the use of the binder to manufacture a roading mixture through mixing with aggregate, or a composite plastic product through the mixture of binder with particulate matter and/or fibre. The binder comprises mixing a plastic with two or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in a mixing tank. The two or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers may have different homopolymer glass transition temperatures (TO wherein a first monomer structural unit has a homopolymer T.sub.g of greater than 80° C. and a second monomer having a homopolymer T.sub.g of less than 80° C. The plastic may be selected from a plastic comprising a styrene homopolymer, a styrene copolymer, a copolymer of an alkene and vinyl acetate, acrylic polymer and nylon based polymers or co-polymers, polyester-based thermoplastic polymer resin, propylene-based thermoplastic polymer and homo-polymer of an alkene or combination thereof.

The invention relates to a product and method for repair of roadway or pavement damage such as potholes, concrete/asphalt joints, and other damage to paved surfaces. The product can be adjusted in terms of the cure time of the product, allowing the user to customize the product for best use in the particular repair being made. Fast cures can be obtained of 5 minutes or less, suitable for quick repair of a small defect in pavement, or the cure time can be extended to 60 or more minutes, suitable for larger projects that can take many hours to complete. The product, when mixed, handles like easily pourable concrete mix, but acts like a hot mix repair when cured.

The invention relates to a product and method for repair of roadway or pavement damage such as potholes, concrete/asphalt joints, and other damage to paved surfaces. The product can be adjusted in terms of the cure time of the product, allowing the user to customize the product for best use in the particular repair being made. Fast cures can be obtained of 5 minutes or less, suitable for quick repair of a small defect in pavement, or the cure time can be extended to 60 or more minutes, suitable for larger projects that can take many hours to complete. The product, when mixed, handles like easily pourable concrete mix, but acts like a hot mix repair when cured.

A composite member includes an inorganic matrix part made from an inorganic substance and a dispersed component present in a dispersed state within the inorganic matrix part and having elasticity, wherein a material making up the dispersed component has a modulus of elasticity in tension of 100 Pa or more and 3.5 GPa or less. The composite member has a porosity of 20% or less in a section of the inorganic matrix part.

A composite member includes an inorganic matrix part made from an inorganic substance and a dispersed component present in a dispersed state within the inorganic matrix part and having elasticity, wherein a material making up the dispersed component has a modulus of elasticity in tension of 100 Pa or more and 3.5 GPa or less. The composite member has a porosity of 20% or less in a section of the inorganic matrix part.

Systems and methods are provided for making aggregate from comingled waste plastics. For example, there is provided a method of making a preconditioned absorptive resin aggregate, the method including: obtaining a supply of granulated mixed plastic waste treated with a preconditioning agent that comprises at least one of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide; mixing the supply of granulated mixed plastic waste treated with the calcium oxide preconditioning agent with one or more additives to form a plastic waste mixture, the one or more additives comprising pozzolans; hot extruding the plastic waste mixture to form an extruded product comprising waste plastic material; cooling the extruded product; and processing the extruded product to form an aggregate. Products incorporating such aggregates, such as, for example, lightweight construction blocks, are also provided. Also provided are methods of forming a waste plastics feedstock.