A pre-coating agent composition for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet including the same, and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. Particularly, a pre-coating agent composition for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet including an acid containing boron (B); and a solvent, a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet including the same, and a manufacturing method thereof are provided.

A composition based on a certain chromium-free silicate-based binder is described. The composition is an aqueous solution of lithium-doped potassium silicate in combination with an aluminum or aluminum alloy powder, zinc powder or a combination thereof. The coatings of the present invention are capable of achieving a full cure at temperatures as low as 350-450 degrees F. by the inclusion of a colloidal solution of a nano-sized ceria, thus making the coatings especially suitable for application on temperature sensitive base materials.

A ceramic sealing system between a rotor blade and a housing is provided. By means of the combination of a small porous zirconium oxide layer on a turbine rotor blade, which zirconium oxide layer faces a ceramic layer system of higher porosity, durable sealing systems are achieved. The housing has a metal substrate, a metal adhesion-promoting layer, and a thick, outer, ceramic layer based on zirconium oxide, in particular having a porosity 214%.

An electrical steel sheet (1) includes a base material (2) of electrical steel, and an insulating film (3) formed on a surface of the base material (2), the insulating film (3) containing a polyvalent metal phosphate and Fe. A maximum value of a parameter Q expressed by Q=C.sub.FeO/C.sub.P is equal to or less than 1.3 times and equal to or more than 1.09 times an average value of the parameter Q in a region from a first depth from a surface of the insulating film to a second depth, C.sub.FeO denoting a proportion (atom %) of Fe bonded to O relative to all elements, and C.sub.P denoting a proportion (atom %) of P relative to all elements. The first depth is 20 nm from the surface, and the second depth is a depth where the proportion of P is equal to a proportion of metal Fe.

Latex-based formulations for coating and sculpting applications may provide blending a wet mixture with a dry mixture or blending a wet composition with a dry powder. The formulation may then be applied to a surface. In some embodiments, after the formulation is applied to a surface, the formulation may be set to the surface by covering the formulation applied to the surface with a material and/or the formulation may be self-setting on the surface. The formulation may fill gaps in the surface, thereby reducing cracks and shrinkage of the surface. The formulation may be applied to surfaces in a plurality of applications that may include, but are not limited to, sculpting, molding, and cosmetic repairs.

The present invention relates to a new structural class of phenalkamine, phenalkamine curing agent compositions, methods of making such phenalkamine, and methods of making such compositions. The phenalkamine curing agent compositions of the present invention can be prepared by reacting cardanol with an aldehyde compound and a mixture of methylene bridged poly(cycloaliphatic-aromatic)amines. These curing-agent compositions may be used to cure, harden, and/or crosslink an epoxy resin.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a flexible and tough polymer modified asphalt composition which comprises sparging an oxygen containing gas through a liquid high-vinyl polybutadiene modified asphalt, wherein the liquid high-vinyl polybutadiene modified asphalt contains from about 0.25 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of the liquid high-vinyl polybutadiene, wherein the oxygen containing gas is sparged through the liquid high-vinyl polybutadiene modified asphalt at a temperature within the range of about 400 F. to about 550 F. for a period of time which is sufficient to increase the softening point of the asphalt to a value which is within the range of 185 F. to 250 F. and to attain a penetration value of at least 15 dmm to produce the polymer modified asphalt composition.

Embodiments provide methods, apparatuses and systems for depositing a thermal insulator coating onto a desired surface of a mold cavity or insert or preform. Embodiments also provide casting methods using a thermal insulator coating.

Latex-based formulations for coating and sculpting applications may provide blending a wet mixture with a dry mixture or blending a wet composition with a dry powder. The formulation may then be applied to a surface. In some embodiments, after the formulation is applied to a surface, the formulation may be set to the surface by covering the formulation applied to the surface with a material and/or the formulation may be self-setting on the surface. The formulation may fill gaps in the surface, thereby reducing cracks and shrinkage of the surface. The formulation may be applied to surfaces in a plurality of applications that may include, but are not limited to, sculpting, molding, and cosmetic repairs.

A coating and devices using the coating are provided. The coating is applied in liquid form and dried or otherwise cured to form a durable adherent coating resistant to high temperatures and having optional hydrophobic properties. The coating formulation contains an aqueous formulation of silica, one or more fillers, and sufficient base, (e.g., potassium hydroxide), to have a pH exceeding about 10.5 during at least part of the formulation process. The formulation may contain a compound(s) that affects surface free energy, energy to make the cured coating hydrophobic. Such compounds include silanes containing halogens (e.g., fluorine or chlorine) and in particular silanes containing one or more hydrolyzable groups attached to at least one silicon atom and a group containing one or more halogens (e.g., chlorine or fluorine). A medical instrument (e.g., electrosurgical instrument) may be at least partially covered by a coating using the formulation.