A high zirconia electrically fused cast refractory having long time durability with less cracking during production and in the course of temperature rising, excellent in productivity, less forming zircon crystals in the refractory itself and even in contact with molten glass, excellent in bubble foamability to molten glass, less generating cracks even undergoing heat cycles during operation of a glass melting furnace. A high zirconia electrically fused cast refractory comprises, as chemical component, 85 to 95% by weight of ZrO.sub.2, 0.4 to 2.5% by weight of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 3.5 to 10.0% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 0.05% by weight or more of Na.sub.2O, 0.05 to 0.7% by weight of Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O in total, 0.01 to 0.04% by weight of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of SrO or BaO when one of BaO and SrO is contained, 0.1% by weight or more of SrO and 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of SrO and BaO in total when both of BaO and SrO are contained, 0.01 to 0.2% by weight of CaO, 0.1% by weight or less of MgO, 0.01 to 0.7% by weight of SnO.sub.2, 0.3% by weight or less of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 in total, less than 0.01% by weight of P.sub.2O.sub.5, and less than 0.01% by weight of CuO.

Disclosed herein are methods for controlling and/or predicting the shrinkage and/or growth of a ceramic honeycomb structure between a green body state and a fired state by adjusting the hydrated alumina content of the batch composition. Also disclosed herein is substantially clay-free cordierite honeycombs produced in accordance with such methods.

Disclosed is a CBS-based low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) material, and a preparation method thereof. The material has, as a main component, a sintered phase of low dielectric constant of CaSiO.sub.3 and CaB.sub.2O.sub.4, and comprises CBS and a dopant. The CBS comprises, by weight, 30-40% of CaO, 15-30% of B.sub.2O.sub.3, and 40-50% of SiO.sub.2, and the dopant comprises 0-2% of P.sub.2O.sub.5, 0-2% of nanometer CuO, and 0.5-2% of nanometer V.sub.2O.sub.5. The preparation method comprises mixing oxides including a CBS-based dielectric ceramic as a base and one or two of P.sub.2O.sub.5 and CuO as an initial dopant, and then adding V.sub.2O.sub.5 as a final sintering aid, to prepare the material. In the present invention, a CBS-based LTCC material that is obtained by sintering at a low temperature and has the advantages of low dielectric constant, low loss, and good overall performance is provided.

The invention relates to an ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire/microwire, a method of preparing the same, a hydroxyapatite paper comprising the same and a preparation method thereof, and provides an ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire/microwire having a length of tens to hundreds of micrometers and a diameter of tens to hundreds of nanometers. There is also provided a method of preparing the ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire/microwire, a hydroxyapatite paper comprising the ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire/microwire, and a method of preparing the hydroxyapatite paper.

A high zirconia electrically fused cast refractory of high electric resistance having long time durability, less suffering from cracking during production and upon temperature rising, excellent in productivity, less forming zircon crystals even upon heating the refractory in itself and when the refractory is in contact with molten glass, generating less cracks even when undergoing heat cycles during operation of a glass melting furnace is provided. A high zirconia electrically fused cast refractory has, as chemical components, 85 to 95% by weight of ZrO.sub.2, 0.1 to less than 0.8% by weight of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 3.5 to 10.0% by weight of SiO.sub.2, less than 0.05% by weight of Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O in total, 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.1% by weight or less of MgO, 0.01 to 0.2% by weight of CaO, in the case where any one of BaO and SrO is contained, from 0.05 to 3.0% by weight of BaO or 0.01 to 3.0% by weight of SrO, or in the case where both of them are contained, 0.01% by weight or more of SrO and from 0.01% to 3.0% by weight in total of SrO and BaO, 0.1 to 0.7% by weight of SnO.sub.2, 0.3% by weight or less of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 in total, less than 0.01% by weight of P.sub.2O.sub.5, and less than 0.01% by weight of CuO.

A thermal spray powder of the present invention contains a rare earth element and a group 2 element, which belongs to group 2 of the periodic table. The thermal spray powder, which contains a rare earth element and a group 2 element, is formed, for example, from a mixture of a rare earth element compound and a group 2 element compound or from a compound or solid solution containing a rare earth element and a group 2 element. The thermal spray powder may further contain a diluent element that is not a rare earth element or a group 2 element and is not oxygen, which is at least one element selected, for example, from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, zinc, boron, aluminum, gallium, silicon, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, germanium, and phosphorus.

Provided is an alumina composite ceramic composition which has electrical insulation properties as well as better mechanical strength and thermal conductivity than a typical alumina-based material. Thus, the alumina composite ceramic composition is promising for a material of a substrate or an insulating package of an electronic device. The alumina composite ceramic composition of the present invention may include alumina (Al.sub.2O.sub.3), zirconia (ZrO.sub.2) or yttria-stabilized zirconia as a first additive, and graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes, as a second additive. In this case, in consideration of two aspects of sinterability and electrical resistivity characteristics of the alumina composite ceramic composition, the graphene oxide may be appropriately adjusted to be in the form of a graphene oxide phase and a reduced graphene phase which coexist in the alumina composite ceramic composition.

The invention concerns a refractory ceramic batch as well as a refractory ceramic product.

A high zirconia electrically fused cast refractory having long time durability with less cracking during production and in the course of temperature rising, excellent in productivity, less forming zircon crystals in the refractory itself and even in contact with molten glass, excellent in bubble foamability to molten glass, less generating cracks even undergoing heat cycles during operation of a glass melting furnace. A high zirconia electrically fused cast refractory comprises, as chemical component, 85 to 95% by weight of ZrO.sub.2, 0.4 to 2.5% by weight of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 3.5 to 10.0% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 0.05% by weight or more of Na.sub.2O, 0.05 to 0.7% by weight of Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O in total, 0.01 to 0.04% by weight of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of SrO or BaO when one of BaO and SrO is contained, 0.1% by weight or more of SrO and 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of SrO and BaO in total when both of BaO and SrO are contained, 0.01 to 0.2% by weight of CaO, 0.1% by weight or less of MgO, 0.01 to 0.7% by weight of SnO.sub.2, 0.3% by weight or less of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2 in total, less than 0.01% by weight of P.sub.2O.sub.5, and less than 0.01% by weight of CuO.

A positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes secondary particles of a lithium transition metal complex oxide as a main component. The main component is represented by a formula: Li.sub.t (Ni.sub.1-xCo.sub.x).sub.1-yMn.sub.yB.sub.P.sub.S.sub.O.sub.2, where t, x, y, , , and satisfy inequalities of 0x1, 0.00y0.50, (1x).Math.(1y)y, 0.0000.020, 0.0000.030, 0.0000.030, and 1+3+3+2t1.30, and satisfy at least one of inequalities of 0.002, 0.006, and 0.004. The secondary particles exhibit a pore distribution, where a pore volume Vp(1) having a pore diameter of not less than 0.01 m and not more than 0.15 m satisfies an inequality of 0.035 cm.sup.3/gVp(1) and where a pore volume Vp(2) having a pore diameter of not less than 0.01 m and not more than 10 m satisfies an inequality of Vp(2)0.450 cm.sup.3/g.