A method and apparatus for producing a dental restoration with enhanced adhesive or bonding strength are disclosed. The dental restoration comprises a zirconia based crown and a porcelain layer built-up on a top surface of the zirconia based crown. The zirconia based crown is to be bonded to a top of an abutment toothand has dimensions that are smaller than outer dimensions of the abutment tooth. A first surface of the zirconia based crown is configured to adhere to the abutment toothand a second surface of the zirconia based crown is configured to receive the porcelain layer built-up. The first surface and the second surface of the zirconia based crown are treated with a surface treatment solution which includes at least nitric acid (HNO.sub.3), hydrofluoric acid (HF) and hydrogen peroxide (H.sub.2O.sub.2). Further, the zirconia based crown may be treated with an ultrasonic impact treatment in addition to the surface treatment of the zirconia based crown.

Disclosed herein is a method including disposing in a mold a powder that has a composition for manufacturing a scintillator material and compressing the powder to form the scintillator material; where an exit surface of the scintillator material has a texture that comprises a plurality of projections that reduce total internal reflection at the exit surface and that increase the amount of photons exiting the exit surface by an amount of greater than or equal to 5% over a surface that does not have the projections.

A process of producing a ceramic matrix composite component. The process includes positioning a plurality of ceramic matrix composite plies on top of one another and forming a cavity therein. At least a portion of the cavity includes a terminal diameter sufficiently small to permit infiltration of a densifying material. The plurality of ceramic matrix composite plies are densified to form a densified body. The densifying results in the portion of the cavity including the terminal diameter being filled with densifying material and the cavity is present in the densified body. A ceramic matrix composite having cavities therein is also disclosed.

An apparatus including a first component having an exterior surface formed of a ceramic material and including a primary surface region and a plurality of secondary surface regions protruding from the primary surface region, and a second component positioned in contact with at least one of the secondary surface regions and spaced from the primary surface region to define a determinant load path between the first and second components. A method of forming the apparatus is also provided.

An atomizer for an aerosol generating device includes a heating member and a liquid guiding member stacked in the heating member. Other atomizers which include a heating member and a liquid guiding member and which are of equal performance may have the liquid guiding member coated on, twined around, or stacked on the outer walls of the heating member. An aerosol generating device including any or all of the atomizers described above is also provided.

A method for the joining of ceramic pieces with a hermetically sealed joint comprising brazing a layer of joining material between the two pieces. The wetting and flow of the joining material is controlled by the selection of the joining material, the joining temperature, the joining atmosphere, and other factors. The ceramic pieces may be on a non-diffusable type, such as aluminum nitride, alumina, beryllium oxide, and zirconia, and the pieces may be brazed with an aluminum alloy under controlled atmosphere. The joint material is adapted to later withstand both the environments within a process chamber during substrate processing, and the oxygenated atmosphere which may be seen within the shaft of a heater or electrostatic chuck.

The invention relates to a dental mill blank comprising a pre-sintered porous zirconia material, the porous pre-sintered zirconia material showing a N2 adsorption of isotherm type IV according to IUPAC classification, the porous pre-sintered zirconia material having a Vickers hardness from about 25 to about 150, the dental mill blank comprising means for reversible attaching it to a machining device. The invention also relates to a process of producing a zirconia dental article comprising the steps of providing a dental mill blank comprising a porous pre-sintered zirconia material, placing the dental mill blank in a machining device, machining the porous zirconia material and to a dental article obtained by such a process.

A method for producing a joined solid, the method comprising placing a metal powder on a solid; covering at least a portion of the periphery of the metal powder with a high-melting-point material having a melting point higher than the melting point of the metal powder; and irradiating the metal powder, at least a portion of the periphery of which is covered with the high-melting-point material, with microwaves to heat the metal powder, thereby sintering or melt-solidifying the metal powder to form a metal solid on the solid.

Provided is a method for producing a metal solid, the method being capable of easily producing a metal solid. A method for producing a metal solid, the method comprising covering at least a portion of the periphery of a metal powder with a high-melting-point material having a melting point higher than the melting point of the metal powder; and irradiating the metal powder, at least a portion of the periphery of which is covered with the high-melting-point material, with microwaves to heat the metal powder, thereby sintering or melt-solidifying the metal powder.

A method of fabricating a multi-perforated part out of composite material includes positioning a sand-blasting mask on a preform including a fiber texture impregnated with a polymerized ceramic-precursor resin, the mask having a plurality of openings corresponding to the perforations to be made in the preform; projecting abrasive particles at high speed against the surface of the mask so as to perforate the preform exposed in the openings of the mask; and pyrolyzing the multi-perforated preform so as to form a ceramic matrix in the multi-perforated fiber texture.