A soldering material (1) for active soldering, in particular for active soldering of a metallization (3) to a carrier layer (2) comprising ceramics, wherein the soldering material comprises copper and is substantially silver-free.

A joint body of the present disclosure includes a substrate including a base member having insulating properties and a metal layer positioned on a first main surface of the base member, a metal joint layer, and a metal member. The metal joint layer is positioned between the metal layer and the metal member of the substrate. The metal joint layer includes a nickel layer, a solder layer, and a composite layer containing a mix of nickel and solder. The nickel layer, the composite layer, and the solder layer are positioned in this order from the metal layer side to the metal member side. The nickel in the composite layer extends from the nickel layer in the thickness direction and forms protrusions and recesses.

A method for preparing a ceramic copper clad laminate is provided, including following steps: providing a copper material; forming a copper oxide layer on a surface of the copper material; thermally treating the copper material on which the copper oxide layer is formed, to diffuse oxygen atoms in the copper material; removing the copper oxide layer on the thermally treated copper material; and soldering the copper-oxide-layer-removed copper material to a ceramic substrate to obtain a ceramic copper clad laminate.

An insulating substrate in which one principal surface of a heat-dissipation-side metal plate is brazed to one principal surface of a ceramic substrate via a brazing material layer provided therebetween, in which a Ni plating layer that covers the brazing material layer exposed between the ceramic substrate and the heat-dissipation-side metal plate is provided, and at least a portion of the other principal surface of the heat-dissipation-side metal plate is not covered with a Ni plating layer, leaving the surface of the heat-dissipation-side metal plate exposed. According to the present invention, it becomes possible to obtain the insulating substrate having excellent furnace passing resistance of the insulating substrate (alone) and further having excellent heat cycle characteristics in a state of a heat sink plate being soldered to the insulating substrate.

A light generator comprises a light conversion device and a light source arranged to apply a light beam to the light conversion element. The light conversion device includes an optoceramic or other solid phosphor element comprising one or more phosphors embedded in a ceramic, glass, or other host, a metal heat sink, and a solder bond attaching the optoceramic phosphor element to the metal heat sink. The optoceramic phosphor element does not undergo cracking in response to the light source applying a light beam of beam energy effective to heat the optoceramic phosphor element to the phosphor quenching point.

A carrier substrate (1) that includes an insulation layer (11) and a metal layer (12), wherein a flank profile (2), in particular an etching flank profile, at least zonally borders the metal layer (12) in a primary direction (P) extending parallel to the main extension plane (HSE), wherein, viewed in the primary direction (P), the flank profile (2) extends from a first edge (15) on an upper side (31) of the metal layer (12), which faces away from the insulation layer (11), to a second edge (16) on a lower side (32) of the metal layer (12), which faces the insulation layer (11), characterized in that the flank profile (2), viewed in the primary direction (P), has at least one local maximum (21) and at least one local minimum (22).

A light generator comprises a light conversion device and a light source arranged to apply a light beam to the light conversion element. The light conversion device includes an optoceramic or other solid phosphor element comprising one or more phosphors embedded in a ceramic, glass, or other host, a metal heat sink, and a solder bond attaching the optoceramic phosphor element to the metal heat sink. The optoceramic phosphor element does not undergo cracking in response to the light source applying a light beam of beam energy effective to heat the optoceramic phosphor element to the phosphor quenching point.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a circuit board including: (a) preparing a mixture of a metal powder, an anti-sintering agent, and an activator; (b) immersing a dielectric substrate in the mixture; (c) forming a metal-containing layer on the surface of the dielectric substrate by heating the mixture under an inert atmosphere or under a reducing atmosphere; (d) forming a first metal layer on the metal-containing layer by electroless plating and forming a second metal layer thereon by electroplating; and (e) forming a metal pattern on the dielectric substrate, wherein the first metal layer includes Cu, Ni, Co, Au, Pd, or an alloy thereof, the second metal layer includes Cu, Ni, Fe, Co, Cr, Zn, Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, or an alloy thereof, and the method further includes performing heat treatment at least once after step (c).

A heat radiating substrate includes an insulating layer (11) (insulating substrate) and a circuit pattern (20) of a metal provided on the insulating layer (11) in direct contact with the insulating layer (11), in which a contour line of the circuit pattern (20) has a corner portion (27) that forms a curved line exhibiting a circular arc with a radius of 0.2 mm or more and 5 mm or less when viewed in a top view.

A semiconductor apparatus includes first and second semiconductor chips, and a circuit board. The circuit board is a laminated board sequentially including an insulating plate, a circuit layer, and a metal layer. The circuit layer includes a first mounting portion on which the first semiconductor chip is installed, a second mounting portion on which the second semiconductor chip is installed, and a first and second upper surface slit provided between the first and second mounting portion and extending in a first direction. The metal layer includes a first lower surface slit extending in the first direction. In a plan view, the first mounting portion, the first upper surface slit, the second upper surface slit, and the second mounting portion are provided side by side in the second direction. The first lower surface slit is located within a range defined by the first and second upper surface slit.