A method for producing a joined solid, the method comprising placing a metal powder on a solid; covering at least a portion of the periphery of the metal powder with a high-melting-point material having a melting point higher than the melting point of the metal powder; and irradiating the metal powder, at least a portion of the periphery of which is covered with the high-melting-point material, with microwaves to heat the metal powder, thereby sintering or melt-solidifying the metal powder to form a metal solid on the solid.

This invention relates generally to an article that includes a base substrate, an intermediate layer including at least one element or compound selected from titanium, chromium, indium, zirconium, tungsten, and titanium nitride on the base substrate, and a hydrophobic coating on the base substrate, wherein the hydrophobic coating includes a rare earth element material (e.g., a rare earth oxide, a rare earth carbide, a rare earth nitride, a rare earth fluoride, and/or a rare earth boride). An exposed surface of the hydrophobic coating has a dynamic contact angle with water of at least about 90 degrees. A method of manufacturing the article includes providing the base substrate and forming an intermediate layer coating on the base substrate (e.g., through sintering or sputtering) and then forming a hydrophobic coating on the intermediate layer (e.g., through sintering or sputtering).

A method for producing a joined solid, the method comprising placing a metal powder on a solid; covering at least a portion of the periphery of the metal powder with a high-melting-point material having a melting point higher than the melting point of the metal powder; and irradiating the metal powder, at least a portion of the periphery of which is covered with the high-melting-point material, with microwaves to heat the metal powder, thereby sintering or melt-solidifying the metal powder to form a metal solid on the solid.

A ceramic joined body includes a first aluminum oxide-based sintered body, a second aluminum oxide-based sintered body, an aluminum oxide-based joint layer located between the first aluminum oxide-based sintered body and the second aluminum oxide-based sintered body, and an aluminum oxide-based protrusion connected to the aluminum oxide-based joint layer, where the average diameter for closed pores of the aluminum oxide-based projection is 0.8 times or more and 1.5 times or less as large as the average diameter for closed pores for each of the first aluminum oxide-based sintered body and the second aluminum oxide-based sintered body.

An inter-turbine duct includes a first annular wall with a ceramic composite material and including a first plurality of layers and a second plurality of layers, the first plurality of layers including a slot extending therethrough; and a first vane with a material of a metal alloy or a ceramic material. The first vane has a first end and a flange extending through the slot with the flange extending away from the first end and being retained between the first plurality of layers and the second plurality of layers of the first annular wall.

A method for the joining of ceramic pieces with a hermetically sealed joint comprising brazing a layer of joining material between the two pieces. The wetting and flow of the joining material is controlled by the selection of the joining material, the joining temperature, the joining atmosphere, and other factors. The ceramic pieces may be on a non-diffusable type, such as aluminum nitride, alumina, beryllium oxide, and zirconia, and the pieces may be brazed with an aluminum alloy under controlled atmosphere. The joint material is adapted to later withstand both the environments within a process chamber during substrate processing, and the oxygenated atmosphere which may be seen within the shaft of a heater or electrostatic chuck.

A half-cell for measuring a pH value of a measuring medium is disclosed including a tube-shaped carrier element and a pH-sensitive glass membrane connected to an end section of the carrier element. At least the end section of the carrier element includes a zirconia-containing and/or alumina-containing ceramic. A method for manufacturing a half-cell for pH value measurement and a potentiometric sensor are further disclosed.

A ceramic-metal structure in which a metallic body (2) is inserted into or disposed above a through hole (4h) of a ceramic substrate (4) and which includes an annular pad layer (6) disposed around the through hole; an annular ring member (8) joined to the pad layer via a first brazing filler portion (10) and having a coefficient of thermal expansion smaller than that of the metallic body; a second brazing filler portion (12) intervening between the ring member and metallic body; and brazing filler flow prevention layers (7a, 7b) covering an outer surface of the pad layer so as to expose a central region (6c) of the outer surface of the pad layer facing the first brazing filler portion. The first brazing filler portion joins the central region and the ring member without projecting to a radially inner or outer side of the flow prevention layers.

A system for producing chemicals, such as, ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature (above 1100 degrees C.) having a feedstock source. The system includes a chemical conversion portion connected with the feedstock source to receive feedstock and convert the feedstock to ethylene or gasoline. The conversion portion includes a coil array and a furnace that heats the feedstock to temperatures in excess of 1100 C. or 1200 C. or even 1250 C. or even 1300 C. or even 1400 C. A method for producing chemicals, such as ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature.

Methods for repairing composite cylindrical components are provided. One exemplary method for repairing a cylindrical component defining an axial direction, a radial direction, and a circumferential direction includes removing a damaged region of the cylindrical component. A flange extending from a cylindrical body of the cylindrical component is included in the damaged region. One or more arc segments that extend along the circumferential direction are connected with the existing cylindrical component. At least one of the arc segments includes a prefabricated flange. One or more plies are laid up to connect the arc segments with the existing cylindrical component to repair the damaged region of the cylindrical body and the prefabricated flange formed integrally with one of the arc segments replaces the damaged portion of the flange. Repaired cylindrical components are also provided.