The present disclosure relates to a method for treating a catalyst that is useful for producing mono-alkylaromatic compounds, the method comprises the steps of (a) contacting the untreated catalyst with water to produce water-contacted catalyst, and (b) drying the water-contacted catalyst with a drying gas without steam being formed at a temperature of less than 300° C. to produce a treated catalyst. The treatment is effective to improve the activity and catalyst selectivity. A process for producing a mono-alkylaromatic compound comprising such a catalyst treatment is also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a method for treating a catalyst that is useful for producing mono-alkylaromatic compounds, the method comprises the steps of (a) contacting the untreated catalyst with water to produce water-contacted catalyst, and (b) drying the water-contacted catalyst with a drying gas without steam being formed at a temperature of less than 300° C. to produce a treated catalyst. The treatment is effective to improve the activity and catalyst selectivity. A process for producing a mono-alkylaromatic compound comprising such a catalyst treatment is also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a method for treating a catalyst that is useful for producing mono-alkylaromatic compounds, the method comprises the steps of (a) contacting the untreated catalyst with water to produce water-contacted catalyst, and (b) drying the water-contacted catalyst with a drying gas without steam being formed at a temperature of less than 300° C. to produce a treated catalyst. The treatment is effective to improve the activity and catalyst selectivity. A process for producing a mono-alkylaromatic compound comprising such a catalyst treatment is also disclosed.

Disclosed is a process for making para-xylene from toluene and/or benzene comprising (i) converting toluene and/or benzene to a first product mixture comprising mixed xylenes, (ii) obtaining a xylene mixture from the first product mixture, (iii) separating para-xylene from the xylene mixture, and (iv) transalkylating meta-xylene and/or ortho-xylene with toluene and/or benzene.

Disclosed is a process for making para-xylene from toluene and/or benzene comprising (i) converting toluene and/or benzene to a first product mixture comprising mixed xylenes, (ii) obtaining a xylene mixture from the first product mixture, (iii) separating para-xylene from the xylene mixture, and (iv) transalkylating meta-xylene and/or ortho-xylene with toluene and/or benzene.

A method of producing phenol and acetone can comprise: alkylating benzene with a C.sub.2-6 alkyl source in the presence of a zeolite catalyst to produce a C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene; oxidizing the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene in the presence of an oxygen containing gas to produce a C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide; cleaving decomposing the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce phenol, a C.sub.3-6 ketone, and undesirable side products such as, but not limited to acetaldehyde, DMBA, acetophenel one, AMS, AMS dimers, unidentified heavies, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; and monitoring a concentration of the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide in a process stream of a reactor in real time at a temperature and a pressure of the process stream; and in real time, controlling a parameter of the reactor and/or the cleaving decomposing in response to the concentration of the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide.

A method of producing phenol and acetone can comprise: alkylating benzene with a C.sub.2-6 alkyl source in the presence of a zeolite catalyst to produce a C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene; oxidizing the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene in the presence of an oxygen containing gas to produce a C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide; cleaving decomposing the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce phenol, a C.sub.3-6 ketone, and undesirable side products such as, but not limited to acetaldehyde, DMBA, acetophenel one, AMS, AMS dimers, unidentified heavies, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; and monitoring a concentration of the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide in a process stream of a reactor in real time at a temperature and a pressure of the process stream; and in real time, controlling a parameter of the reactor and/or the cleaving decomposing in response to the concentration of the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide.

A method of producing phenol and acetone can comprise: alkylating benzene with a C.sub.2-6 alkyl source in the presence of a zeolite catalyst to produce a C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene; oxidizing the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene in the presence of an oxygen containing gas to produce a C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide; cleaving decomposing the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce phenol, a C.sub.3-6 ketone, and undesirable side products such as, but not limited to acetaldehyde, DMBA, acetophenel one, AMS, AMS dimers, unidentified heavies, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; and monitoring a concentration of the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide in a process stream of a reactor in real time at a temperature and a pressure of the process stream; and in real time, controlling a parameter of the reactor and/or the cleaving decomposing in response to the concentration of the C.sub.8-12 alkylbenzene hydroperoxide.

Compositions comprising one or more amphiphilic compounds formed from vinylidene olefins may comprise: a reaction product of one or more vinylidene olefins, in which the reaction product comprises a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion comprising a polar head group bonded to the hydrophobic portion. The one or more vinylidene olefins each comprise a vinylidene group that undergoes a reaction to become saturated and to produce at least part of the hydrophobic portion.

Compositions comprising one or more amphiphilic compounds formed from vinylidene olefins may comprise: a reaction product of one or more vinylidene olefins, in which the reaction product comprises a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic portion comprising a polar head group bonded to the hydrophobic portion. The one or more vinylidene olefins each comprise a vinylidene group that undergoes a reaction to become saturated and to produce at least part of the hydrophobic portion.