The present invention relates to a method for chlorinating an aromatic compound and, more specifically, to a method for chlorinating an aromatic compound to prevent the phenomenon of decreased responsiveness due to foam generation, and to prevent counterflow of a fluid.

By means of the method for chlorinating an aromatic compound according to the present invention, a plurality of column-type reactors are connected in series so that reaction products produced in a former reactor are inserted to a latter reactor, and chlorine gas is inserted in equal measure at the bottom of each reactor. Accordingly, a chlorination reaction occurs in each of the reactors, and hydrogen chloride gas generated in each of the reactors is exhausted from each of the reactors.

The present invention relates to a method for chlorinating an aromatic compound and, more specifically, to a method for chlorinating an aromatic compound to prevent the phenomenon of decreased responsiveness due to foam generation, and to prevent counterflow of a fluid.

By means of the method for chlorinating an aromatic compound according to the present invention, a plurality of column-type reactors are connected in series so that reaction products produced in a former reactor are inserted to a latter reactor, and chlorine gas is inserted in equal measure at the bottom of each reactor. Accordingly, a chlorination reaction occurs in each of the reactors, and hydrogen chloride gas generated in each of the reactors is exhausted from each of the reactors.

Provided herein are palladium complexes comprising a ligand of Formula (A) and a ligand of Formula (B), wherein R.sup.1-R.sup.18 are as defined herein. The palladium complexes are useful in methods of fluorinating aryl and heteroaryl substrates. Further provided are compositions and kits comprising the palladium complexes.

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Provided herein are palladium complexes comprising a ligand of Formula (A) and a ligand of Formula (B), wherein R.sup.1-R.sup.18 are as defined herein. The palladium complexes are useful in methods of fluorinating aryl and heteroaryl substrates. Further provided are compositions and kits comprising the palladium complexes.

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An adsorptive separation process and system are used for separation of multi-component fluid mixtures. The separation process and system may include establishing, in a fluid flow within the system, a concentration distribution of the fluid mixture components based upon the components' relative affinities to the adsorbent. The concentration distribution could be establishing using a simulated moving bed system, wherein it is possible to maintain separately-identifiable portions of the fluid flow, respectively rich in strongly-adsorbing, intermediately-adsorbing, and weakly-adsorbing compounds of the fluid mixture. An intermediate raffinate of high purity in the intermediately-adsorbing compound is directly withdrawn from the portion of the fluid flow rich in intermediately-adsorbing compound(s), providing a single-stage adsorptive separation of a compound having intermediate affinity to the adsorbent. The portion of the fluid flow rich in intermediately-adsorbing compound(s) may be established directly upstream from the point of fluid mixture feed injection into the fluid flow.

An adsorptive separation process and system are used for separation of multi-component fluid mixtures. The separation process and system may include establishing, in a fluid flow within the system, a concentration distribution of the fluid mixture components based upon the components' relative affinities to the adsorbent. The concentration distribution could be establishing using a simulated moving bed system, wherein it is possible to maintain separately-identifiable portions of the fluid flow, respectively rich in strongly-adsorbing, intermediately-adsorbing, and weakly-adsorbing compounds of the fluid mixture. An intermediate raffinate of high purity in the intermediately-adsorbing compound is directly withdrawn from the portion of the fluid flow rich in intermediately-adsorbing compound(s), providing a single-stage adsorptive separation of a compound having intermediate affinity to the adsorbent. The portion of the fluid flow rich in intermediately-adsorbing compound(s) may be established directly upstream from the point of fluid mixture feed injection into the fluid flow.

The regio-selective functionalization of a dialkyl benzene compound

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wherein the ratio of the compound functionalized at position (a) to the compound functionalized at the position (b) is at least 70:30, more particularly at least 80:20, still more particularly at least 85:15, and still more particularly at least 90:10, characterised in that the substituent R is an isobutyl group.

The regio-selective functionalization of a dialkyl benzene compound

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wherein the ratio of the compound functionalized at position (a) to the compound functionalized at the position (b) is at least 70:30, more particularly at least 80:20, still more particularly at least 85:15, and still more particularly at least 90:10, characterised in that the substituent R is an isobutyl group.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of compound of formula (I) wherein R.sub.1 is halogen and R.sub.2 is halogen or hydrogen; comprising a) reacting the compound of formula (II) in an aprotic organic solvent in the presence of an aprotic polar co-solvent with a magnesium amide base followed by a halogenating agent, to the compound of formula I wherein R.sub.1 is halogen and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, and b) reacting the compound of formula (I), wherein R.sub.1 is chloro and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, in an aprotic organic solvent in the presence of an aprotic polar co-solvent with a magnesium amide base followed by a halogenating agent to a compound of formula I, wherein R.sub.1 is chloro and R.sub.2 is halogen. ##STR00001##

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of compound of formula (I) wherein R.sub.1 is halogen and R.sub.2 is halogen or hydrogen; comprising a) reacting the compound of formula (II) in an aprotic organic solvent in the presence of an aprotic polar co-solvent with a magnesium amide base followed by a halogenating agent, to the compound of formula I wherein R.sub.1 is halogen and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, and b) reacting the compound of formula (I), wherein R.sub.1 is chloro and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, in an aprotic organic solvent in the presence of an aprotic polar co-solvent with a magnesium amide base followed by a halogenating agent to a compound of formula I, wherein R.sub.1 is chloro and R.sub.2 is halogen. ##STR00001##