Disclosed is a process for preparing a highly pure 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane product, comprising 1-a) providing a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, carbon tetrachloride and a catalyst in a principal alkylation zone to produce 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane in the reaction mixture, and 1-btreating the reaction mixture obtained in step 1-a) to obtain a 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane feedstock; 2-a) contacting the 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane feedstock with a catalyst in a dehydrochlorination zone to produce a reaction mixture comprising 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane and 1,1,3-trichloropropene, and 2-b) treating the reaction mixture obtained in step 2-a) to obtain a 1,1,3-trichloropropene feedstock; 3-a) contacting the 1,1,3-trichloropropene feedstock with chlorine in a reaction zone to produce a reaction mixture containing 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane and 1,1,3-trichloropropene, the reaction zone being different from the dehydrochlorination zone, and 3-b) treating the reaction mixture obtained in step 3-a) to obtain the highly pure 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane product.

Disclosed is a process for preparing a highly pure 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane product, comprising 1-a) providing a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, carbon tetrachloride and a catalyst in a principal alkylation zone to produce 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane in the reaction mixture, and 1-btreating the reaction mixture obtained in step 1-a) to obtain a 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane feedstock; 2-a) contacting the 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane feedstock with a catalyst in a dehydrochlorination zone to produce a reaction mixture comprising 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane and 1,1,3-trichloropropene, and 2-b) treating the reaction mixture obtained in step 2-a) to obtain a 1,1,3-trichloropropene feedstock; 3-a) contacting the 1,1,3-trichloropropene feedstock with chlorine in a reaction zone to produce a reaction mixture containing 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane and 1,1,3-trichloropropene, the reaction zone being different from the dehydrochlorination zone, and 3-b) treating the reaction mixture obtained in step 3-a) to obtain the highly pure 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane product.

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of 9-dichloromethylene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methano-naphthalen-5-ylamine which process comprises a) reacting cyclopentadiene in the presence of a radical initiator and CXCl.sub.3, wherein X is chloro or bromo, to a compound of formula II ##STR00001## aa) reacting cyclopentadiene with CXCl.sub.3, wherein X is chloro, in the presence of a metal catalyst to a compound of formula II ##STR00002## wherein X is chloro, b) reacting the compound of formula II with a base in the presence of an appropriate solvent to the compound of formula III ##STR00003## c) and converting the compound of formula III in the presence of 1,2-dehydro-6-nitrobenzene to the compound of formula IV ##STR00004## and d) hydrogenating the compound of formula IV in the presence of a metal catalyst.

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of 9-dichloromethylene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methano-naphthalen-5-ylamine which process comprises a) reacting cyclopentadiene in the presence of a radical initiator and CXCl.sub.3, wherein X is chloro or bromo, to a compound of formula II ##STR00001## aa) reacting cyclopentadiene with CXCl.sub.3, wherein X is chloro, in the presence of a metal catalyst to a compound of formula II ##STR00002## wherein X is chloro, b) reacting the compound of formula II with a base in the presence of an appropriate solvent to the compound of formula III ##STR00003## c) and converting the compound of formula III in the presence of 1,2-dehydro-6-nitrobenzene to the compound of formula IV ##STR00004## and d) hydrogenating the compound of formula IV in the presence of a metal catalyst.

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of 9-dichloromethylene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methano-naphthalen-5-ylamine which process comprises a) reacting cyclopentadiene in the presence of a radical initiator and CXCl.sub.3, wherein X is chloro or bromo, to a compound of formula II ##STR00001## aa) reacting cyclopentadiene with CXCl.sub.3, wherein X is chloro, in the presence of a metal catalyst to a compound of formula II ##STR00002## wherein X is chloro, b) reacting the compound of formula II with a base in the presence of an appropriate solvent to the compound of formula III ##STR00003## c) and converting the compound of formula III in the presence of 1,2-dehydro-6-nitrobenzene to the compound of formula IV ##STR00004## and d) hydrogenating the compound of formula IV in the presence of a metal catalyst.

This method for producing a fullerene derivative is a method for producing a fullerene derivative having a partial structure shown by formula (1) by reacting a predetermined halogenated compound and two carbon atoms adjacent to each other for forming a fullerene skeleton in a mixed solvent of an aromatic solvent and an aprotic polar solvent having a C═O or S═O bond in the presence of at least one metal selected from the group comprising manganese, iron, and zinc;

##STR00001##

(in formula (1), C* are each carbon atoms adjacent to each other for forming a fullerene skeleton, A is a linking group having 1-4 carbon atoms for forming a ring structure with two C*, in which a portion thereof may be a substituted or condensed group).

This method for producing a fullerene derivative is a method for producing a fullerene derivative having a partial structure shown by formula (1) by reacting a predetermined halogenated compound and two carbon atoms adjacent to each other for forming a fullerene skeleton in a mixed solvent of an aromatic solvent and an aprotic polar solvent having a C═O or S═O bond in the presence of at least one metal selected from the group comprising manganese, iron, and zinc;

##STR00001##

(in formula (1), C* are each carbon atoms adjacent to each other for forming a fullerene skeleton, A is a linking group having 1-4 carbon atoms for forming a ring structure with two C*, in which a portion thereof may be a substituted or condensed group).

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for metathesizing a first alkenyl or alkynyl group with a second alkenyl or alkynyl group, the composition comprising a ruthenium metathesis catalyst and a photoredox catalyst that is activated by visible light.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for metathesizing a first alkenyl or alkynyl group with a second alkenyl or alkynyl group, the composition comprising a ruthenium metathesis catalyst and a photoredox catalyst that is activated by visible light.

Catalytic methods for synthesis of super linear alkenyl arenes and alkyl arenes are provided. The methods are capable of synthesizing super linear alkyl and alkenyl arenes from simple arene and olefin starting materials and with high selectivity for linear coupling. Methods are also provided for making a 2,6-dimethylnapthalene (DMN) or 2,6-methylethylnapthalene (MEN).