Utilizing the common knowledge formula for creation of methanol CO.sub.2+3H.sub.2.fwdarw.CH.sub.3OH+H.sub.2O; for each mole of carbon dioxide, three moles of hydrogen are needed to produce one equivalent unit of methanol. Mixing two gases and producing methanol can be accomplished per the one-line diagram concept, FIG. 1, and gas mixing apparatus, FIG. 2; under high pressure (from 3250 to 5000 psi) and high temperature (750 to 800 F.) without the presence of a catalyst. The hypothesis in this case is that the closer the mixing temperature is to the auto-ignition of hydrogen, the higher is the quality of the mixing environment. The mixing temperature in my invention is guided by the auto-ignition of hydrogen in this case (auto-ignition for hydrogen is 932 F. (or 500 C.) and the auto-ignition temperature for methanol is 867 F. (or 464 C.). After mixing the two gases, the result is methanol and water. The first step in this stage is to cool the substance by way of cooling tower, followed by a pressure lowering tank. Next is a separation process to separate methanol and water. By cooling the substance/mixture about 28.4 F. (2 C.), the water will freeze, turning into ice, and ice will be removed from methanol mechanically. Water and methanol then will be stored in appropriate tanks (FIG. 1).

Utilizing the common knowledge formula for creation of methanol CO.sub.2+3H.sub.2.fwdarw.CH.sub.3OH+H.sub.2O; for each mole of carbon dioxide, three moles of hydrogen are needed to produce one equivalent unit of methanol. Mixing two gases and producing methanol can be accomplished per the one-line diagram concept, FIG. 1, and gas mixing apparatus, FIG. 2; under high pressure (from 3250 to 5000 psi) and high temperature (750 to 800 F.) without the presence of a catalyst. The hypothesis in this case is that the closer the mixing temperature is to the auto-ignition of hydrogen, the higher is the quality of the mixing environment. The mixing temperature in my invention is guided by the auto-ignition of hydrogen in this case (auto-ignition for hydrogen is 932 F. (or 500 C.) and the auto-ignition temperature for methanol is 867 F. (or 464 C.). After mixing the two gases, the result is methanol and water. The first step in this stage is to cool the substance by way of cooling tower, followed by a pressure lowering tank. Next is a separation process to separate methanol and water. By cooling the substance/mixture about 28.4 F. (2 C.), the water will freeze, turning into ice, and ice will be removed from methanol mechanically. Water and methanol then will be stored in appropriate tanks (FIG. 1).

A composition can photocatalytically reduce carbon dioxide.

A composition can photocatalytically reduce carbon dioxide.

A method for producing methanol allows the temperature of the catalyst layer to fall within an appropriate temperature range, reduces energy used, and achieves higher carbon yield. In a synthesis loop including at least two synthesis steps and two separation steps, a first mixed gas is obtained by mixing the final unreacted gas with a fraction of the make-up gas, methanol is synthesized from the first mixed gas after preheating, a first unreacted gas is separated from the obtained first reaction mixture, a final mixed gas is obtained by finally mixing the unreacted gas and a fraction of the make-up gas, the final mixed gas after preheating is further increased in pressure and then methanol is synthesized, a final unreacted gas is separated from the obtained final reaction mixture, and the reaction temperature of the catalyst layer is controlled by the indirect heat exchange with pressurized boiling water.

In a novel process for methanol production from low quality synthesis gas, in which relatively smaller adiabatic reactors can be operated more efficiently, some of the inherent disadvantages of adiabatic reactors for methanol production are avoided. This is done by controlling the outlet temperature in the pre-converter by rapid adjustment of the recycle gas, i.e. by manipulating the gas hourly space velocity in the pre-converter.

In a novel process for methanol production from low quality synthesis gas, in which relatively smaller adiabatic reactors can be operated more efficiently, some of the inherent disadvantages of adiabatic reactors for methanol production are avoided. This is done by controlling the outlet temperature in the pre-converter by rapid adjustment of the recycle gas, i.e. by manipulating the gas hourly space velocity in the pre-converter.

Some embodiments include a mixture for use as liquid sorbent for methanol or methanol and water in methanol synthesis using carbon monoxide and hydrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide as synthesis reactants. The mixture comprises I) a component A) in the form of at least one salt and at least one component B) selected from the group consisting of: B1) a salt of an anion and one, two, or three of the cations of salt A), wherein the number of cations corresponds to an absolute value of a charge number of the respective anion; B2) a salt comprising one or more bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions and another component, wherein a number of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions corresponds to an absolute value of a charge number of the respective metal cation; and B3) a zwitterionic compound.

Some embodiments include a mixture for use as liquid sorbent for methanol or methanol and water in methanol synthesis using carbon monoxide and hydrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide as synthesis reactants. The mixture comprises I) a component A) in the form of at least one salt and at least one component B) selected from the group consisting of: B1) a salt of an anion and one, two, or three of the cations of salt A), wherein the number of cations corresponds to an absolute value of a charge number of the respective anion; B2) a salt comprising one or more bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions and another component, wherein a number of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions corresponds to an absolute value of a charge number of the respective metal cation; and B3) a zwitterionic compound.

The present disclosure relates to chemical synthesis. Various embodiments of the teachings thereof may include the synthesis of methanol, generated from hydrogen and a carbonaceous gas. For example, a method may include: compressing gaseous starting materials to an operating pressure of at least 200 bar; supplying the starting materials to a synthesis reactor; removing a product mixture from the synthesis reactor in a liquid state; withdrawing mechanical energy from the product mixture by reducing a pressure of the product mixture; and using the mechanical energy to compress the gaseous starting materials.