The present embodiments are directed to compositions of quinones and/or quinols, such as, but not limited to, ubiquinone and/or ubiquinol, vitamin E quinone and/or vitamin E quinol, vitamin K quinone and/or vitamin K quinol, menaquinones and/or menaquinols, and pyrroloquinoline quinone and/or pyrroloquinoline quinol, and methods for preparations and use thereof. The present embodiments are also directed to compositions of reduced forms of curcuminoid and methods for preparations and use thereof.

The present embodiments are directed to compositions of quinones and/or quinols, such as, but not limited to, ubiquinone and/or ubiquinol, vitamin E quinone and/or vitamin E quinol, vitamin K quinone and/or vitamin K quinol, menaquinones and/or menaquinols, and pyrroloquinoline quinone and/or pyrroloquinoline quinol, and methods for preparations and use thereof. The present embodiments are also directed to compositions of reduced forms of curcuminoid and methods for preparations and use thereof.

The present invention relates to novel combinations of redox active compounds for use as redox flow battery electrolytes. The invention further provides kits comprising these combinations, redox flow batteries, and method using the combinations, kits and redox flow batteries of the invention.

The present invention relates to novel combinations of redox active compounds for use as redox flow battery electrolytes. The invention further provides kits comprising these combinations, redox flow batteries, and method using the combinations, kits and redox flow batteries of the invention.

The present disclosure relates to gingerol compounds, whether in their diol form or as a derivative, and their use to enhance the salty taste or the umami taste of a flavored article. The disclosure also provides compositions and flavored products containing such compounds. In some embodiments, the flavored products have reduced amounts of salt or umami-enhancing compounds (glutamates, arginates, purinic ribonucleotides, such as inosine monophosphate (IMP) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP)), relative to comparable flavored products that do not incorporate the gingerol compounds. The disclosure further provides methods of making monoacetate or diacetate derivatives of gingerol diols.

The present disclosure relates to gingerol compounds, whether in their diol form or as a derivative, and their use to enhance the salty taste or the umami taste of a flavored article. The disclosure also provides compositions and flavored products containing such compounds. In some embodiments, the flavored products have reduced amounts of salt or umami-enhancing compounds (glutamates, arginates, purinic ribonucleotides, such as inosine monophosphate (IMP) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP)), relative to comparable flavored products that do not incorporate the gingerol compounds. The disclosure further provides methods of making monoacetate or diacetate derivatives of gingerol diols.

The present invention relates to the use of a transition metal catalyst TMC1, which comprises a transition metal M selected from metals of groups 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table of elements according to IUPAC and a tetradentate ligand of formula I wherein R.sup.1 are identical or different and are each an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are each an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, as catalyst in processes for formation of compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group —O—C(═O)— starting from at least one primary alcohol and/or hydrogenation of compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group —O—C(═O)—. The present invention further relates to a process for hydrogenation of a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group —O—C(═O)—, to a process for the formation of a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group —O—C(═O)— by dehydrogenase coupling of at least one primary alcohol with a second alcoholic OH-group, to a transition metal complex comprising the tetradentate ligand of formula I and to a process for preparing said transition metal complex. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to the use of a transition metal catalyst TMC1, which comprises a transition metal M selected from metals of groups 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table of elements according to IUPAC and a tetradentate ligand of formula I wherein R.sup.1 are identical or different and are each an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are each an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, as catalyst in processes for formation of compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group —O—C(═O)— starting from at least one primary alcohol and/or hydrogenation of compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group —O—C(═O)—. The present invention further relates to a process for hydrogenation of a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group —O—C(═O)—, to a process for the formation of a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group —O—C(═O)— by dehydrogenase coupling of at least one primary alcohol with a second alcoholic OH-group, to a transition metal complex comprising the tetradentate ligand of formula I and to a process for preparing said transition metal complex. ##STR00001##

The invention relates to monocarbonyl complexes of ruthenium and osmium with bi- and tridentate nitrogen and phosphine ligands. The invention relates to methods for preparing these complexes and the use of these complexes, isolated or prepared in situ, as catalysts for reduction reactions of ketones and aldehydes both via transfer hydrogenation or hydrogenation with hydrogen.

The invention relates to monocarbonyl complexes of ruthenium and osmium with bi- and tridentate nitrogen and phosphine ligands. The invention relates to methods for preparing these complexes and the use of these complexes, isolated or prepared in situ, as catalysts for reduction reactions of ketones and aldehydes both via transfer hydrogenation or hydrogenation with hydrogen.