A process for producing isomerized olefins, branched aldehydes, branched alcohols, branched surfactants and other branched derivatives through isomerization, hydroformylation, hydrogenation, surfactant forming reactions and other derivative forming reactions.

A process for producing isomerized olefins, branched aldehydes, branched alcohols, branched surfactants and other branched derivatives through isomerization, hydroformylation, hydrogenation, surfactant forming reactions and other derivative forming reactions.

The present disclosure includes a method of obtaining an alkyltintrihalide, obtaining a solvent, and contacting the alkyltintrihalide and the solvent, thereby forming an alkyltintrihalide adduct. Also described is a composition including: an alkyltintrihalide adduct of the formula: RSnX.sub.3.Math.(solv).sub.n, wherein: R is a substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.5 alkyl, an unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.5 alkyl, a substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.5 alkenyl, or an unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.5 alkenyl; X is Cl, Br, or I; solv is a solvent; and n is at least 1.

The present application provides systems and methods for producing isononanol and gasoline and diesel blending components. In at least one embodiment of the present systems and methods, a hydrocarbon feed is cracked in a steam cracker to form a first ethylene stream, a first propylene stream, and a C4 stream comprising isobutene and butadiene. The C4 stream is reacted with a methanol stream in a methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) unit to form MTBE and a butadiene-rich C4 stream. The butadiene-rich C4 stream is selectively hydrogenated in a butadiene unit to form a butene-rich C4 stream. The butene-rich C4 stream undergoes a series of reactions in an isononanol unit to produce isononanol and an olefin-rich stream. The olefin-rich stream is then separate, in a separation unit, a C8, C12, and C16 fuel oil streams.

A bifunctional catalyst for example for conversion of oxygenates, the bifunctional catalyst comprising zeolite, alumina binder, Zn and P, wherein Zn is present at least partly as ZnAl.sub.2O.sub.4.

Implementations of a method of forming a wax ether composition may include: providing a batch of lipids, drying the batch of lipids, and cooling the batch of lipids. The method may also include dosing, with a catalyst, the batch of lipids at 0.1% to 0.3% by weight of the batch of lipids and dissolving the catalyst in the batch of lipids to form a homogenous solution. The method may include adding at least a molar equivalent of a hydrogen donor to the homogenous solution. The method may include sealing and maintaining the homogenous solution and hydrogen donor under atmospheric pressure under reflux until a chemical reaction between the homogenous solution and the hydrogen donor forms a product comprising an ether.

Implementations of a method of forming a wax ether composition may include: providing a batch of lipids, drying the batch of lipids, and cooling the batch of lipids. The method may also include dosing, with a catalyst, the batch of lipids at 0.1% to 0.3% by weight of the batch of lipids and dissolving the catalyst in the batch of lipids to form a homogenous solution. The method may include adding at least a molar equivalent of a hydrogen donor to the homogenous solution. The method may include sealing and maintaining the homogenous solution and hydrogen donor under atmospheric pressure under reflux until a chemical reaction between the homogenous solution and the hydrogen donor forms a product comprising an ether.

A bifunctional catalyst for example for conversion of oxygenates, said bifunctional catalyst comprising zeolite, alumina binder, Zn and P, wherein Zn is present at least partly as ZnAl.sub.2O.sub.4.

A process for etherification of aldehydes and/or ketones in the presence of a catalyst and an iodine source. In particular, a process for the synthesis of an ether compound, comprising reacting an aldehyde and/or a ketone with an alcohol, in the presence of (i) a metal/support heterogeneous catalyst and an iodine source, or (ii) a metal-iodine catalyst, in a reactor, whereby the ether compound is obtained. A catalytic system comprising a metal/support heterogeneous catalyst and an iodine source, and a process for its preparation.

A process for etherification of aldehydes and/or ketones in the presence of a catalyst and an iodine source. In particular, a process for the synthesis of an ether compound, comprising reacting an aldehyde and/or a ketone with an alcohol, in the presence of (i) a metal/support heterogeneous catalyst and an iodine source, or (ii) a metal-iodine catalyst, in a reactor, whereby the ether compound is obtained. A catalytic system comprising a metal/support heterogeneous catalyst and an iodine source, and a process for its preparation.