Fluorinated cyclopentene moieties and fluorinated cyclopentene functionalized silica materials are provided. The fluorinated cyclopentene functionalized silica materials include a silica material having the fluorinated cyclopentene moiety covalently bonded thereto. Exemplary silica materials include a polysilsesquioxane, a nanosilica, a microsilica, a silica gel, a silica aerogel, or combinations thereof. The fluorinated cyclopentene moieties are based on a modification of perfluorocyclopentene (i.e., 1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-cyclopentene) by nucleophilic substitution with an appropriate nucleophile having a reactive functional group. Methods for preparing fluorinated cyclopentene moieties and the corresponding fluorinated cyclopentene functionalized silica materials are also provided.

Fluorinated cyclopentene moieties and fluorinated cyclopentene functionalized silica materials are provided. The fluorinated cyclopentene functionalized silica materials include a silica material having the fluorinated cyclopentene moiety covalently bonded thereto. Exemplary silica materials include a polysilsesquioxane, a nanosilica, a microsilica, a silica gel, a silica aerogel, or combinations thereof. The fluorinated cyclopentene moieties are based on a modification of perfluorocyclopentene (i.e., 1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-cyclopentene) by nucleophilic substitution with an appropriate nucleophile having a reactive functional group. Methods for preparing fluorinated cyclopentene moieties and the corresponding fluorinated cyclopentene functionalized silica materials are also provided.

The present invention provides new stable crystalline N-iodoamides-1-iodo-3,5,5-trimethylhydantoin (1-ITMH) and 3-iodo-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone (IDMO). The present invention further provides a process for the preparation of organic iodides using N-iodoamides of this invention and recovery of the amide co-products from waste water.

The present invention provides new stable crystalline N-iodoamides-1-iodo-3,5,5-trimethylhydantoin (1-ITMH) and 3-iodo-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone (IDMO). The present invention further provides a process for the preparation of organic iodides using N-iodoamides of this invention and recovery of the amide co-products from waste water.

A liquid crystal composition includes one or more compounds represented by Chemical Formula 1: ##STR00001## wherein in Chemical Formula 1, A1, A2, L.sub.1 to L.sub.8, R, R, Z.sub.1 to Z.sub.3, n1, and n2 are the same as described in the specification.

Disclosed is a preparation method for an SGLT2 inhibitor intermediate V, the method comprising: adding a compound IV to a solvent, and in the presence of a catalytic reagent, carrying out heat preservation reaction with a fluorination reagent. The preparation process for the intermediate V is simple in operations, mild in reaction conditions and high in safety, facilitates quality control and is suitable for industrial production. In addition, the intermediate V prepared by the method is high in purity, has few side reaction product monofluoro-impurity shown as structural Formula V, is easy to purify, and is applicable to quality research on active pharmaceutical ingredients and preparations of the SGLT2 inhibitor.

A liquid crystal composition includes one or more compounds represented by Chemical Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein in Chemical Formula 1, A1, A2, L.sub.1 to L.sub.8, R, R, Z.sub.1 to Z.sub.3, n1, and n2 are the same as described in the specification.

The present invention provides a crosslinking agent which can improve crosslinked fluoroelastomer high-temperature vapor resistance and a crosslinked fluoroelastomer having improved high-temperature vapor resistance. The present invention provides a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (1) (in the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are each a hydrogen atom, a substituent, or a leaving group, and two or more of R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are leaving groups; R.sup.a to R.sup.c are each a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and n is an integer from 2 to 5). ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a crosslinking agent which can improve crosslinked fluoroelastomer high-temperature vapor resistance and a crosslinked fluoroelastomer having improved high-temperature vapor resistance. The present invention provides a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (1) (in the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are each a hydrogen atom, a substituent, or a leaving group, and two or more of R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are leaving groups; R.sup.a to R.sup.c are each a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and n is an integer from 2 to 5). ##STR00001##