An organic compound represented by formula [1]:

##STR00001##

wherein in formula [1], R.sub.1 to R.sub.10 are each independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, and an amino group, provided that at least one of R.sub.6 and R.sub.9 is a methyl group, and sets of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently optionally taken together to form a ring.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of aryl compounds and polymers thereof that are made using methods that do not require harsh conditions or expensive reagents. The methods disclosed herein utilize precursor compounds that can be polymerized to form polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polymers, such as carbon-based polymers like nanostructures (e.g., graphene or graphene-like nanoribbons).

Disclosed herein are embodiments of aryl compounds and polymers thereof that are made using methods that do not require harsh conditions or expensive reagents. The methods disclosed herein utilize precursor compounds that can be polymerized to form polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polymers, such as carbon-based polymers like nanostructures (e.g., graphene or graphene-like nanoribbons).

Methods for preparing a variety of ladderane precursors, ladderane compounds and ladderane lipids are provided. Also provided are methods of preparing a liposome from the ladderane lipids disclosed herein, and compositions thereof. Aspects of the invention include encapsulated one or more cargo moieties in the liposome or compositions thereof and use of the subject liposome compositions as vehicles in drug delivery, imaging, diagnostics and other medical applications. Aspects of the methods disclosed herein include administering a liposomal composition comprising a pharmaceutical agent to a subject under conditions sufficient to deliver the composition to a site of interest in the subject, and release the pharmaceutical agent from the liposomal composition.

Methods for preparing a variety of ladderane precursors, ladderane compounds and ladderane lipids are provided. Also provided are methods of preparing a liposome from the ladderane lipids disclosed herein, and compositions thereof. Aspects of the invention include encapsulated one or more cargo moieties in the liposome or compositions thereof and use of the subject liposome compositions as vehicles in drug delivery, imaging, diagnostics and other medical applications. Aspects of the methods disclosed herein include administering a liposomal composition comprising a pharmaceutical agent to a subject under conditions sufficient to deliver the composition to a site of interest in the subject, and release the pharmaceutical agent from the liposomal composition.

The present invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) below:

##STR00001##

wherein: X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom or a CH radical, The bond XY and Y are absent if X represents an oxygen or sulfur atom, the bond XY and Y are present if X represents a nitrogen atom or a CH radical, When present, Y represents a group R if X represents a nitrogen atom, a hydrogen atom or a group NR.sup.1R.sup.2 if X represents a CH radical, (Het)Ar is an aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of aryl and heteroaryl groups, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a NR.sup.12R.sup.13, a SR.sup.14 group, a OR.sup.14 group or a CF.sub.3 group, When Y is NR.sup.1R.sup.2, the groups NR.sup.1R.sup.2 and (Het)Ar are in the cis-conformation,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
for use in the treatment of proliferative diseases, infectious diseases, allergies, inflammation and/or asthma.

The present invention discloses a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system for olefin polymerization, comprising at least one compound represented by formula (I) as (i) an internal electron donor, (ii) an external electron donor, or (iii) the both, wherein M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, M.sub.4, M.sub.5, M.sub.6, M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, M.sub.4, M.sub.5 and M.sub.6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, amino, aldehyde group, carboxy, acyl, halogen atoms, R.sub.1 and OR.sub.2, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 hydrocarbyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, amino, aldehyde group, carboxy, acyl, halogen atoms, C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy and heteroatoms; and wherein, when among M.sub.1-M.sub.6 and M.sub.1-M.sub.6, any two adjacent groups on the same phenyl ring are each independently selected from the group consisting of R.sub.1 and OR.sub.2, the two adjacent groups may optionally be linked to form a ring, with a proviso that M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, M.sub.4, M.sub.5, M.sub.6, M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, M.sub.4, M.sub.5 and M.sub.6 are not simultaneously hydrogen.

##STR00001##

The present invention discloses a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system for olefin polymerization, comprising at least one compound represented by formula (I) as (i) an internal electron donor, (ii) an external electron donor, or (iii) the both, wherein M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, M.sub.4, M.sub.5, M.sub.6, M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, M.sub.4, M.sub.5 and M.sub.6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, amino, aldehyde group, carboxy, acyl, halogen atoms, R.sub.1 and OR.sub.2, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 hydrocarbyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, amino, aldehyde group, carboxy, acyl, halogen atoms, C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy and heteroatoms; and wherein, when among M.sub.1-M.sub.6 and M.sub.1-M.sub.6, any two adjacent groups on the same phenyl ring are each independently selected from the group consisting of R.sub.1 and OR.sub.2, the two adjacent groups may optionally be linked to form a ring, with a proviso that M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, M.sub.4, M.sub.5, M.sub.6, M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, M.sub.4, M.sub.5 and M.sub.6 are not simultaneously hydrogen.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a thermally conductive material having excellent thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the present invention provides a device with a thermally conductive layer that has a thermally conductive layer containing the thermally conductive material and a composition for forming a thermally conductive material that is used for forming the thermally conductive material. The thermally conductive material according to an embodiment of the present invention contains a cured substance of a disk-like compound, which has one or more reactive functional groups selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acid group, a carboxylic acid anhydride group, an amino group, a cyanate ester group, and a thiol group, and a crosslinking compound which has a group reacting with the reactive functional groups.

An organic compound that emits red light having a long wavelength and that is represented by formula [1] below. In the formula [1], R.sub.1 to R.sub.24 are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom or a substituent.

##STR00001##