The present invention relates to a method or composition for treating diabetes mellitus, comprising administering a subject with a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an active compound from Antrodia camphorate, such as antroquinonols, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In addition, the prevent invention provides a new process for the total synthesis of antroquinonol. Also provided are the new compounds produced during the process for preparing of antroquinonol.

The present invention relates to a method or composition for treating diabetes mellitus, comprising administering a subject with a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an active compound from Antrodia camphorate, such as antroquinonols, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In addition, the prevent invention provides a new process for the total synthesis of antroquinonol. Also provided are the new compounds produced during the process for preparing of antroquinonol.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to bridged phthalocyanine- and napththalocyanine-metal complex catalysts and methods of using and purifying the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of purifying a catalyst. The method includes contacting a catalyst composition with acid, the catalyst composition including a catalyst, to provide an acidified catalyst composition with the catalyst dissolved therein. The method includes precipitating the catalyst, and removing the precipitated catalyst from solution, to provide a purified catalyst.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to bridged phthalocyanine- and napththalocyanine-metal complex catalysts and methods of using and purifying the same. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of purifying a catalyst. The method includes contacting a catalyst composition with acid, the catalyst composition including a catalyst, to provide an acidified catalyst composition with the catalyst dissolved therein. The method includes precipitating the catalyst, and removing the precipitated catalyst from solution, to provide a purified catalyst.

Provided is a method for producing a compound represented by General Formula (I) through oxidative cleavage of a compound of Formula (II), which is a bicyclic tetrasubstituted olefin compound. This method is for producing a compound represented by General Formula (I), including a step of obtaining a compound represented by General Formula (I) through oxidative cleavage of a compound represented by General Formula (II) using an oxidant in the presence of an additive represented by General Formula (III).

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