Efficient methods of producing L-threonic acid from L-xylonic acid are disclosed.

Efficient methods of producing L-threonic acid from L-xylonic acid are disclosed.

A method of reducing a CO bond to the corresponding CH bond in a substrate, which could be a benzylic alcohol, allylic alcohol, ester or an ether bond beta to a hydroxyl group or alpha to a carbonyl group using a recyclable metal catalyst system. The recyclable catalyst system is also applicable to reducing a CO bond to the corresponding COH bond and then CH bond. These methodologies can be linked in one-pot to selective oxidation and depolymerizations of aromatic polyols such as lignin.

A method of reducing a CO bond to the corresponding CH bond in a substrate, which could be a benzylic alcohol, allylic alcohol, ester or an ether bond beta to a hydroxyl group or alpha to a carbonyl group using a recyclable metal catalyst system. The recyclable catalyst system is also applicable to reducing a CO bond to the corresponding COH bond and then CH bond. These methodologies can be linked in one-pot to selective oxidation and depolymerizations of aromatic polyols such as lignin.

A method of making spirogalbanone includes the steps of: (a) subjecting ethynylspirodecanol to a Rupe rearrangement to give a compound of the formula I ##STR00001## (b) converting the compound of (a) to a C1-C4 alkyl acetal; (c) subjecting the acetal to a trans-acetalization reaction with allyl alcohol in the presence of a mild acid catalyst; (d) heating the product of (c) in the presence of an acid catalyst to give an allylenolether; and (e) subjecting the product of (d) to a Claisen rearrangement to give spirogalbanone. The method affords an easier and more efficient method of preparation.

A method of making spirogalbanone includes the steps of: (a) subjecting ethynylspirodecanol to a Rupe rearrangement to give a compound of the formula I ##STR00001## (b) converting the compound of (a) to a C1-C4 alkyl acetal; (c) subjecting the acetal to a trans-acetalization reaction with allyl alcohol in the presence of a mild acid catalyst; (d) heating the product of (c) in the presence of an acid catalyst to give an allylenolether; and (e) subjecting the product of (d) to a Claisen rearrangement to give spirogalbanone. The method affords an easier and more efficient method of preparation.

A method of making spirogalbanone includes the steps of: (a) subjecting ethynylspirodecanol to a Rupe rearrangement to give a compound of the formula I

##STR00001## (b) converting the compound of (a) to a C1-C4 alkyl acetal; (c) subjecting the acetal to a trans-acetalisation reaction with allyl alcohol in the presence of a mild acid catalyst; (d) heating the product of (c) in the presence of an acid catalyst to give an allylenolether; and (e) subjecting the product of (d) to a Claisen rearrangement to give spirogalbanone.

The method affords an easier and more efficient method of preparation.

A method of making spirogalbanone includes the steps of: (a) subjecting ethynylspirodecanol to a Rupe rearrangement to give a compound of the formula I

##STR00001## (b) converting the compound of (a) to a C1-C4 alkyl acetal; (c) subjecting the acetal to a trans-acetalisation reaction with allyl alcohol in the presence of a mild acid catalyst; (d) heating the product of (c) in the presence of an acid catalyst to give an allylenolether; and (e) subjecting the product of (d) to a Claisen rearrangement to give spirogalbanone.

The method affords an easier and more efficient method of preparation.

The present invention relates to an improved way for the production of farnesol.

The present invention relates to an improved way for the production of farnesol.