The present disclosure relates to a compound and a preparation method and application thereof, the compound having a chemical structure formula of:

##STR00001##

wherein M in the formula is selected from a group consisting of CF.sub.3 or CF.sub.2H, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from a group consisting of aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl. The compound provided by the present disclosure can be used as a trifluoroethanolation reagent or difluoroethanolation reagent as synthetic intermediates of many organic compounds, and some of the compounds have pharmaceutical activity. The preparation steps of such compounds are simplified, with mild synthesis conditions and wide applicability of substrates.

A (Z)-solanone has the steric formula of:

##STR00001##

with the name of (S,Z)-5-isopropyl-8-methyl-6,8-diene-2-one or (R,Z)-5-isopropyl-8-methyl-6,8-diene-2-one. A process for the preparation of the (Z)-type solanone and the use thereof in flavoring of cigarette shred are further disclosed. The process includes the following steps: (1) reacting isopentanal and methyl vinyl ketone, under the action of a catalyst and a co-catalyst, to give (S)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal or (R)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal; (2) reacting the (S)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal or the (R)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal obtained in step (1) with (iodomethyl)triphenylphosphonium iodide, to give (S,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one or (R,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one; and (3) reacting the (S,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one or the (R,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one obtained in step (2) with pinacol isopropenylborate in the presence of a catalyst to give the (Z)-solanone.

A (Z)-solanone has the steric formula of:

##STR00001##

with the name of (S,Z)-5-isopropyl-8-methyl-6,8-diene-2-one or (R,Z)-5-isopropyl-8-methyl-6,8-diene-2-one. A process for the preparation of the (Z)-type solanone and the use thereof in flavoring of cigarette shred are further disclosed. The process includes the following steps: (1) reacting isopentanal and methyl vinyl ketone, under the action of a catalyst and a co-catalyst, to give (S)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal or (R)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal; (2) reacting the (S)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal or the (R)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal obtained in step (1) with (iodomethyl)triphenylphosphonium iodide, to give (S,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one or (R,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one; and (3) reacting the (S,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one or the (R,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one obtained in step (2) with pinacol isopropenylborate in the presence of a catalyst to give the (Z)-solanone.

The invention discloses a method for fluoroalkylation of enamines with a fluoro alkyl halide in the presence of a base.

The invention discloses a method for fluoroalkylation of enamines with a fluoro alkyl halide in the presence of a base.

The invention discloses a method for fluoroalkylation of enamines with a fluoro alkyl halide in the presence of a base.

A complex of formula (I) ##STR00001## wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X independently is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′.sub.2C—, —R′.sub.2C—CR′.sub.2—, —R′.sub.2Si—, —R′.sub.2Si—SiR′.sub.2—, —R′.sub.2Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-C.sub.20-hydrocarbyl .group optionally containing one or more silicon atoms or heteroatoms of Group 14-16 of the periodic table or fluorine atoms, and optionally two R′ groups taken together can form a ring; R.sup.2 and R.sup.2′ are each independently a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl group, —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R.sup.5 is a —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group, said R.sup.5 group being optionally substituted by one or more halo groups; R.sup.5′ is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; said C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group being optionally substituted by one or more halo groups; R.sup.6 and R.sup.6′ are each independently a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; each R.sup.1 and R.sup.1′ are independently —CH.sub.2R.sup.x wherein R.sup.x are each independently H, or a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms.

A complex of formula (I) ##STR00001## wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X independently is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′.sub.2C—, —R′.sub.2C—CR′.sub.2—, —R′.sub.2Si—, —R′.sub.2Si—SiR′.sub.2—, —R′.sub.2Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-C.sub.20-hydrocarbyl .group optionally containing one or more silicon atoms or heteroatoms of Group 14-16 of the periodic table or fluorine atoms, and optionally two R′ groups taken together can form a ring; R.sup.2 and R.sup.2′ are each independently a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl group, —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R.sup.5 is a —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group, said R.sup.5 group being optionally substituted by one or more halo groups; R.sup.5′ is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; said C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group being optionally substituted by one or more halo groups; R.sup.6 and R.sup.6′ are each independently a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; each R.sup.1 and R.sup.1′ are independently —CH.sub.2R.sup.x wherein R.sup.x are each independently H, or a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms.

A complex of formula (I) ##STR00001## wherein M is zirconium or hafnium; each X independently is a sigma ligand; L is a divalent bridge selected from —R′.sub.2C—, —R′.sub.2C—CR′.sub.2—, —R′.sub.2Si—, —R′.sub.2Si—SiR′.sub.2—, —R′.sub.2Ge—, wherein each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-C.sub.20-hydrocarbyl .group optionally containing one or more silicon atoms or heteroatoms of Group 14-16 of the periodic table or fluorine atoms, and optionally two R′ groups taken together can form a ring; R.sup.2 and R.sup.2′ are each independently a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl group, —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R.sup.5 is a —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group, said R.sup.5 group being optionally substituted by one or more halo groups; R.sup.5′ is hydrogen or a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; said C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group being optionally substituted by one or more halo groups; R.sup.6 and R.sup.6′ are each independently a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; —OC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group or —SC.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; each R.sup.1 and R.sup.1′ are independently —CH.sub.2R.sup.x wherein R.sup.x are each independently H, or a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group, optionally containing heteroatoms.

A method for forming a carbon-carbon bond, wherein a reaction is performed by filling a platinum group metal-supported catalyst into a filling container, and passing a raw material liquid through the platinum group metal-supported catalyst in a continuous circulation manner, and wherein the platinum group metal-supported catalyst is a platinum group metal-supported catalyst in which nanoparticles of a platinum group metal with an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm are supported on a non-particulate organic porous ion exchanger formed of a continuous framework phase and a continuous pore phase.