Disclosed is a visual imaging device based on PS-OCT for early demineralization and caries of dental hard tissues, comprising a laser light source for emitting a laser light, a coupler for receiving and dividing the laser light emitted by the laser light source into a reference laser light and a detection laser light; wherein the reference laser light backtracking to the coupler and the detection laser light backtracking to the coupler are coupled and then passed through a transmission grating and a convex lens to input as an optical signal into a linear CCD detector for converting the optical signal into an electrical signal which is then input to a computer control system and collected by a built-in capture card; and the computer is configured to perform a three-dimensional reconstruction of an image and perform two-dimensional cross-section image analysis; and the computer control system is connected to the scanning galvanometer to control a vibration of the scanning galvanometer. The device of the present application can be used for performing PS-OCT imaging detection of the dental hard tissue surface in the oral cavity of a subject. The computer control system automatically performs two-dimensional cross-section imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction imaging of the image, thereby completing a three-dimensional quantitative evaluation. The present application provides a new method for clinically detecting early demineralization of dental hard tissue with high resolution.

A method and device for the remote eradication of pathogens comprising a light source for emitting UV light in the pathogen killing wave length range, and a tangible transmission medium, which is at least initially resistant to degradation by the UV light. An optical interface between the UV light source and the tangible transmission medium is provided whereby the emitted UV light is collected from the light source and transmitted through the tangible transmission medium, whereby UV light emitted from the tangible transmission medium and directed against a pathogen in proximity thereto is at a power level sufficient to substantially effectively kill the pathogen within a reasonable period of time. The device is used for sanitization of biopsy channels of endoscopes and for treating of pathogens within humans and animals.

An insertion apparatus includes: an insertion portion including, a first conduit having a first opening, an illumination chamber having a second opening, an optical fiber configured to guide and radiate an illumination light, and an illumination lens. The first conduit is in fluid communication with an outside of the insertion portion via the first opening. The illumination chamber is configured to fluidly communicate with a peripheral part of the first conduit via the second opening. A distal end of the optical fiber is located inside of the illumination chamber. The illumination lens is configured to radiate the illumination light to the outside of the insertion portion.

An endoscope arrangement (1) including a camera head (2) with at least one distal image sensor (4) and an image-processing unit (3) which is connected to the camera head (2) via a connecting line (14). The connecting line (14) has at least one optical line (15) for transmitting image information. The connecting line (14) additionally has an electrical line (16) for serially transmitting electrical signals, it being possible to transmit electrical control signals bidirectionally via this electrical line.

Some implementations of the disclosure are directed to detachable endoscope shafts assemblies including detachable endoscope shafts. In one implementation, an endoscope assembly comprises: an endoscope housing comprising a distal connector including first circuitry configured to receive one or more image signals or supply power from the endoscope housing; and a detachable endoscope shaft comprising: a distal segment configured to be inserted in a patient cavity; an attachment segment proximal to the distal segment, the attachment segment configured to be removably coupled to an instrument or adapter; and a proximal connector configured to removably and electrically couple to the distal connector, the proximal connector including second circuitry configured to electrically couple to the first circuitry.

An endoscope optical connector includes: a sleeve which houses an end portion of an optical fiber inside the sleeve; an inward flange provided on an inner circumference of the sleeve; a glass member arranged inside the sleeve so as to face an end surface of the optical fiber; a cap member which is attached to the sleeve and which fixes the glass member between the cap member and the inward flange; a first O-ring interposed between the cap member and the glass member; a second O-ring interposed between the glass member and the inward flange and having a glass transition point lower than a glass transition point of the first O-ring; and an inert gas filling the inside of the sleeve.

Some implementations of the disclosure are directed to detachable endoscope shafts assemblies including detachable endoscope shafts. In one implementation, an endoscope assembly comprises: an endoscope housing comprising a distal connector including first circuitry configured to receive one or more image signals or supply power from the endoscope housing; and a detachable endoscope shaft comprising: a distal segment configured to be inserted in a patient cavity; an attachment segment proximal to the distal segment, the attachment segment configured to be removably coupled to an instrument or adapter; and a proximal connector configured to removably and electrically couple to the distal connector, the proximal connector including second circuitry configured to electrically couple to the first circuitry.

An endoscopic system comprises an incoherent light source. A coupling device comprises a first light source generating coherent light of a first wavelength, or a coherent light input receiving light of the first wavelength. The coupling device comprises an input with a connector for releasably connecting to the incoherent light source via a second light guide, and an output comprising a connector for releasably connecting to an endoscope via the first light guide. The input receives light from the endoscopic system. The output provides incoherent light and coherent light to the first light guide. The coupling device may be configurable in a first state being an unobstructed light beam path for propagating the incoherent light from the input to the output; and in a second state being an unobstructed light beam path for propagating the coherent light from the coherent light source or the coherent light input to the output.

A video endoscope including an elongated shaft, a main body, a cable for conducting control signals, video signals and/or illumination light, wherein the cable includes: a core having an optical fiber bundle, a video signal line, and/or a control signal line; a mechanical protective layer; and a sheath tube; a junction body sealingly inserted into the main body on to sealingly receive the sheath tube; an anti-kink sleeve disposed around the sheath tube to engage over the junction body, a clamping ring supported on the junction body pulled towards the main body by a first clamping nut presses the junction body against a round cord seal between the junction body and the main body and presses the anti-kink sleeve against the junction body such to seal a cavity between the anti-kink sleeve and the junction body.

Several embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to medical visualization systems that comprise combinations of disposable and reusable components, such as catheters, functional handles, hubs, optical devices, etc. Other embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to features and aspects of an in-vivo visualization system that comprises an endoscope having a working channel through which a catheter having viewing capabilities is routed. the catheter may obtain viewing capabilities by being constructed as a vision catheter or by having a fiberscope or other viewing device selectively routed through one of its channels. The catheter is preferably of the steerable type so that the distal end of the catheter may be steered from its proximal end as it is advanced with the body. A suitable use for the in-vivo visualization system includes but is not limited to diagnosis and/or treatment of the duodenum, and particularly the biliary tree.