A method of converting lignin to phenolic compounds and dicarboxylates in high yield is described. The method involves the use of peroxy acids to react with lignin at a moderated treatment conditions. The peroxy acids can be used along or in combination of other catalysts that have the capability to lower the molecular weight of lignin. A phenolic compounds yield is achieved (>60%) and these phenolic compounds represents high value precursors for various applications include but not limited to antioxidants, health improvement agents, anticorrosive agents, liquid fuel components and performance enhancing agents, resin and adhesives. Dicarboxylic acids can be used for polymer applications or hydrodeoxygenation to hydrocarbon fuel.

The present invention relates to natural vanillin compositions comprising at least one compound chosen from 4-((4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)oxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-5-methoxybenzaldehyde. The invention also relates to a process for obtaining natural vanillin compositions according to the invention.

The present invention relates to natural vanillin compositions comprising at least one compound chosen from 4-((4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)oxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-5-methoxybenzaldehyde. The invention also relates to a process for obtaining natural vanillin compositions according to the invention.

The invention provides a method for depolymerising a phenolic polymer, the method comprising reacting the phenolic polymer with dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and a hydrogen halide. The phenolic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of lignin and derivatives thereof. The hydrogen halide may be HBr. The quantity of hydrogen halide per gram of phenolic polymer may be from 30 mmoles to 70 mmoles. The quantity of DMSO per gram of phenolic polymer may be from 0.1 mole to 1 mole. The reaction may be performed at a temperature of from 100 to 120° C. The reaction may be carried out for between 10 h and 14 h. The product of the reaction may comprise vanillin.

The invention provides a method for depolymerising a phenolic polymer, the method comprising reacting the phenolic polymer with dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and a hydrogen halide. The phenolic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of lignin and derivatives thereof. The hydrogen halide may be HBr. The quantity of hydrogen halide per gram of phenolic polymer may be from 30 mmoles to 70 mmoles. The quantity of DMSO per gram of phenolic polymer may be from 0.1 mole to 1 mole. The reaction may be performed at a temperature of from 100 to 120° C. The reaction may be carried out for between 10 h and 14 h. The product of the reaction may comprise vanillin.

The present invention is directed to selinexor co-crystal forms; more particularly to two co-crystal forms with succinic acid as the coformer and a co-crystal form with vanillin as the coformer. The present disclosure is also related to processes for the preparation of selinexor co-crystal forms. Further, the present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a selinexor co-crystal form and method for treating disease using a selinexor co-crystal form.

The present invention is directed to selinexor co-crystal forms; more particularly to two co-crystal forms with succinic acid as the coformer and a co-crystal form with vanillin as the coformer. The present disclosure is also related to processes for the preparation of selinexor co-crystal forms. Further, the present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a selinexor co-crystal form and method for treating disease using a selinexor co-crystal form.

Methods of depolymerizing lignin and products obtained therefrom. The methods include reacting lignin in a liquid solvent comprising an oxidation catalyst with the solvent being in contact with 02 gas. The solvent can include aprotic polar solvents. The oxidation catalyst can include heterogeneous catalysts. The methods can be used in the oxidative catalytic fractionation of raw biomass to generate soluble aromatic monomers and a solid carbohydrate residue. Depolymerized lignin products include phenolic and benzoquinone monomers, such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillin, syringaldehyde, vanillic acid, and/or syringic acid.

Methods of depolymerizing lignin and products obtained therefrom. The methods include reacting lignin in a liquid solvent comprising an oxidation catalyst with the solvent being in contact with 02 gas. The solvent can include aprotic polar solvents. The oxidation catalyst can include heterogeneous catalysts. The methods can be used in the oxidative catalytic fractionation of raw biomass to generate soluble aromatic monomers and a solid carbohydrate residue. Depolymerized lignin products include phenolic and benzoquinone monomers, such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillin, syringaldehyde, vanillic acid, and/or syringic acid.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of oxidized wood products, comprising step a) reacting chips of one or more wood products in a basic solution at a pH between 8 and 14 under an oxygen atmosphere at a pressure of at least 0.1 MPa, or at least 0.9 MPa. A copper catalyst may be used in the process.