The present invention relates to herbicidal heteroaryl-alkyl-oxy-substituted heteroaryl/phenyl-pyridazine-diones and heteroaryl-alkyl-oxy-substituted heteroaryl/phenyl-pyridazinone derivatives of formula (I), as well as to processes and intermediates used for the preparation of such derivatives. The invention further extends to herbicidal compositions comprising such derivatives, as well as to the use of such compounds and compositions in controlling undesirable plant growth; in particular the use in controlling weeds, such as broad-leaved dicotyledonous weeds, in crops of useful plants.

The present invention relates to herbicidal heteroaryl-alkyl-oxy-substituted heteroaryl/phenyl-pyridazine-diones and heteroaryl-alkyl-oxy-substituted heteroaryl/phenyl-pyridazinone derivatives of formula (I), as well as to processes and intermediates used for the preparation of such derivatives. The invention further extends to herbicidal compositions comprising such derivatives, as well as to the use of such compounds and compositions in controlling undesirable plant growth; in particular the use in controlling weeds, such as broad-leaved dicotyledonous weeds, in crops of useful plants.

Enantiomers may be analyzed by: (1) reacting a mixture of a first compound and a second compound that are a pair of enantiomers with an axially chiral compound that is one of a pair of axially chiral isomers, to generate a derivative mixture containing a first derivative obtained by a reaction of the first compound with the axially chiral compound and a second derivative obtained by a reaction of the second compound with the axially chiral compound; (2) separating the first derivative and the second derivative in the derivative mixture; and (3) detecting the separated first derivative and second derivative by mass spectrometry.

Enantiomers may be analyzed by: (1) reacting a mixture of a first compound and a second compound that are a pair of enantiomers with an axially chiral compound that is one of a pair of axially chiral isomers, to generate a derivative mixture containing a first derivative obtained by a reaction of the first compound with the axially chiral compound and a second derivative obtained by a reaction of the second compound with the axially chiral compound; (2) separating the first derivative and the second derivative in the derivative mixture; and (3) detecting the separated first derivative and second derivative by mass spectrometry.

A method for producing a compound represented by formula (P1): (B.sup.1f).sub.mp(A.sup.1).sub.np, wherein B.sup.1f is RfCOO, Rf is a hydrocarbon having one or more fluorine atoms, A.sup.1 is a group excluding H, mp is (valence of A.sup.1)×np and is 1 or 2, np is mp/(valence of A.sup.1) and is 1, A.sup.1 has a valence of 1 or 2, the method comprising step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (S1): (B.sup.1f)(R.sup.1), wherein B.sup.1f is as defined above, and R.sup.1 is an organic group, and a compound represented by formula (S2): (A.sup.1).sub.ms2(B.sup.2).sub.ns2, wherein A.sup.1 is as defined above, B.sup.2 is OH, CO.sub.3, or HCO.sub.3, ms2 is (valence of B.sup.2)×ns2/(valence of A.sup.1) and is 1 or 2, and ns2 is (valence of A.sup.1)×ms2/(valence of B.sup.2) and 1 or 2, or a hydrate thereof.

Such a method is a novel production method of a fluorinated carboxylic acid salt compound (preferably a fluorinated carboxylic acid salt compound having a low water content).

A method for producing a compound represented by formula (P1): (B.sup.1f).sub.mp(A.sup.1).sub.np, wherein B.sup.1f is RfCOO, Rf is a hydrocarbon having one or more fluorine atoms, A.sup.1 is a group excluding H, mp is (valence of A.sup.1)×np and is 1 or 2, np is mp/(valence of A.sup.1) and is 1, A.sup.1 has a valence of 1 or 2, the method comprising step A of reacting a compound represented by formula (S1): (B.sup.1f)(R.sup.1), wherein B.sup.1f is as defined above, and R.sup.1 is an organic group, and a compound represented by formula (S2): (A.sup.1).sub.ms2(B.sup.2).sub.ns2, wherein A.sup.1 is as defined above, B.sup.2 is OH, CO.sub.3, or HCO.sub.3, ms2 is (valence of B.sup.2)×ns2/(valence of A.sup.1) and is 1 or 2, and ns2 is (valence of A.sup.1)×ms2/(valence of B.sup.2) and 1 or 2, or a hydrate thereof.

Such a method is a novel production method of a fluorinated carboxylic acid salt compound (preferably a fluorinated carboxylic acid salt compound having a low water content).

An onium salt having formula (1) serving as an acid diffusion inhibitor and a chemically amplified resist composition comprising the acid diffusion inhibitor are provided. When processed by lithography, the resist composition forms a pattern having minimal defects and excellent lithography performance factors such as CDU, LWR and DOF.

##STR00001##

Disclosed herein are new compounds and compositions and their application as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of diseases. Methods of inhibition of KDM1A, methods of increasing gamma globin gene expression, and methods to induce differentiation of cancer cells in a human or animal subject are also provided for the treatment of diseases such as acute myelogenous leukemia.

Disclosed herein are new compounds and compositions and their application as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of diseases. Methods of inhibition of KDM1A, methods of increasing gamma globin gene expression, and methods to induce differentiation of cancer cells in a human or animal subject are also provided for the treatment of diseases such as acute myelogenous leukemia.

The present invention relates to biaryl monobactam compounds of Formula I: ##STR00001##
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X, Y, Z, A.sup.1, Q, A.sup.2, M, W, R.sup.X and R.sup.z are as defined herein. The present invention also relates to compositions which comprise a biaryl monobactam compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The invention further relates to methods for treating a bacterial infection comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention, either alone or in combination with a therapeutically effective amount of a second beta-lactam antibiotic.