An aim of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing a fluoroalkoxide, said method being more useful than conventional methods, and the like. The aim can be achieved by a method for producing a compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001## (wherein R.sup.1 is a fluoroalkyl group optionally containing an oxygen atom between carbon atoms, or a fluoroalkoxy group optionally containing an oxygen atom between carbon atoms, and each R.sup.2 is identical to or different from each other and is a hydrocarbon group), the method comprising the step of reacting a compound represented by the following formula (2):

##STR00002## with a compound represented by the following formula (3):

.sup.⊖F.sup.⊕NR.sup.2).sub.4  (3).

An aim of the present disclosure is to provide a method for producing a fluoroalkoxide, said method being more useful than conventional methods, and the like. The aim can be achieved by a method for producing a compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001## (wherein R.sup.1 is a fluoroalkyl group optionally containing an oxygen atom between carbon atoms, or a fluoroalkoxy group optionally containing an oxygen atom between carbon atoms, and each R.sup.2 is identical to or different from each other and is a hydrocarbon group), the method comprising the step of reacting a compound represented by the following formula (2):

##STR00002## with a compound represented by the following formula (3):

.sup.⊖F.sup.⊕NR.sup.2).sub.4  (3).

Beta-hydroxybutyric acid-based radiopharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, methods for preparing same, and methods of using same for diagnostic imaging and non-imaging tracer studies are provided.

Beta-hydroxybutyric acid-based radiopharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, methods for preparing same, and methods of using same for diagnostic imaging and non-imaging tracer studies are provided.

Provided are compositions for removal of a target substance from a fluid stream, the composition comprising a polyamine; and a covalently linked hydrophobic group, wherein the polyamine is covalently linked to a support material. Also provided are processes for removal of a target substance from a fluid stream comprising contacting the fluid stream with a composition comprising a polyamine; and a covalently linked hydrophobic group, wherein the polyamine is covalently linked to a support material.

Provided are compositions for removal of a target substance from a fluid stream, the composition comprising a polyamine; and a covalently linked hydrophobic group, wherein the polyamine is covalently linked to a support material. Also provided are processes for removal of a target substance from a fluid stream comprising contacting the fluid stream with a composition comprising a polyamine; and a covalently linked hydrophobic group, wherein the polyamine is covalently linked to a support material.

The present invention generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent.

The present invention generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent.

There is provided a method for producing a C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid with reduced fluorine-free organic compound. A method for producing a C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid, the method including contacting a mixture containing a C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid and a fluorine-free organic compound with a concentrated sulfuric acid and then separating a C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid phase from a concentrated sulfuric acid phase. The contacting is conducted such that an amount of water present in the concentrated sulfuric acid phase is 10% by mass or less, and the C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid is obtained in the form of the C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorinated organic acid phase having a reduced content ratio of the fluorine-free organic compound compared with said mixture.

There is provided a method for producing a C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid with reduced fluorine-free organic compound. A method for producing a C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid, the method including contacting a mixture containing a C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid and a fluorine-free organic compound with a concentrated sulfuric acid and then separating a C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid phase from a concentrated sulfuric acid phase. The contacting is conducted such that an amount of water present in the concentrated sulfuric acid phase is 10% by mass or less, and the C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorine-containing organic acid is obtained in the form of the C.sub.2-C.sub.20 fluorinated organic acid phase having a reduced content ratio of the fluorine-free organic compound compared with said mixture.