Novel rexinoid compounds are provided herein. Also provided herein are methods of using the compounds to treat disorders, such as metabolic disorders, diabetes, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, obesity, steatosis, inflammation, and/or cancer.

Novel rexinoid compounds are provided herein. Also provided herein are methods of using the compounds to treat disorders, such as metabolic disorders, diabetes, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, obesity, steatosis, inflammation, and/or cancer.

Compounds derived from biomass, e.g., cellulose and lignins, methods of forming such compounds and polymers and products formed using such compounds.

Compounds derived from biomass, e.g., cellulose and lignins, methods of forming such compounds and polymers and products formed using such compounds.

Compounds derived from biomass, e.g., cellulose and lignins, methods of forming such compounds and polymers and products formed using such compounds.

Compounds derived from biomass, e.g., cellulose and lignins, methods of forming such compounds and polymers and products formed using such compounds.

The invention encompasses novel compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and compositions including therapeutically or prophylactically effective amounts of such compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention also encompasses methods for treating or preventing diseases and disorders associated with abnormal cell growth, for example, treating or preventing cancer or tumor growth, which methods include administering to a mammal in need thereof a composition comprising a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The invention encompasses novel compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and compositions including therapeutically or prophylactically effective amounts of such compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention also encompasses methods for treating or preventing diseases and disorders associated with abnormal cell growth, for example, treating or preventing cancer or tumor growth, which methods include administering to a mammal in need thereof a composition comprising a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention provides a method for industrially producing a highly pure aromatic nitrile compound and a highly pure aromatic carboxylic acid compound safely and highly efficiently at low costs. Compound (2) is subjected to Willgerodt reaction in the presence of an additive as necessary, and the obtained amide compound (3) is hydrolyzed and neutralized to give carboxylic acid compound (4). Carboxylic acid compound (4) is reacted with a halogenating agent in the presence of a catalyst as necessary in an organic solvent, and further reacted with an amidating agent, and the obtained amide compound (5) or (6) is reacted with a dehydrating agent to give nitrile compound (1). Alternatively, carboxylic acid compound (4) is reacted with a halogenating agent and a compound represented by the formula R.sup.6SO.sub.2R.sup.7 in the presence of a catalyst as necessary in an organic solvent to give nitrile compound (1). Np is a naphthyl group optionally having substituent(s), R.sup.5 is an alkylene group having 1-3 carbon atoms, and other symbols are as described in the DESCRIPTION. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a method for industrially producing a highly pure aromatic nitrile compound and a highly pure aromatic carboxylic acid compound safely and highly efficiently at low costs. Compound (2) is subjected to Willgerodt reaction in the presence of an additive as necessary, and the obtained amide compound (3) is hydrolyzed and neutralized to give carboxylic acid compound (4). Carboxylic acid compound (4) is reacted with a halogenating agent in the presence of a catalyst as necessary in an organic solvent, and further reacted with an amidating agent, and the obtained amide compound (5) or (6) is reacted with a dehydrating agent to give nitrile compound (1). Alternatively, carboxylic acid compound (4) is reacted with a halogenating agent and a compound represented by the formula R.sup.6SO.sub.2R.sup.7 in the presence of a catalyst as necessary in an organic solvent to give nitrile compound (1). Np is a naphthyl group optionally having substituent(s), R.sup.5 is an alkylene group having 1-3 carbon atoms, and other symbols are as described in the DESCRIPTION. ##STR00001##