A method of chemically extending a carbon chain of an unsaturated fatty acid for conversion into a different unsaturated fatty acid has been reported. The present invention shortens reaction steps of conventional methods, and completes a carbon chain extending reaction in a shorter time. The present invention provides a method of extending a carbon chain of an unsaturated fatty acid by two carbons, comprising steps of four stages including a short-path conversion reaction of an unsaturated fatty chain obtained from an unsaturated fatty acid into a malonic ester derivative, and heating of the malonic ester derivative to reflux in a lower fatty acid solution. The method of the present invention can complete a carbon chain extending reaction in a shorter time.

A method of chemically extending a carbon chain of an unsaturated fatty acid for conversion into a different unsaturated fatty acid has been reported. The present invention shortens reaction steps of conventional methods, and completes a carbon chain extending reaction in a shorter time. The present invention provides a method of extending a carbon chain of an unsaturated fatty acid by two carbons, comprising steps of four stages including a short-path conversion reaction of an unsaturated fatty chain obtained from an unsaturated fatty acid into a malonic ester derivative, and heating of the malonic ester derivative to reflux in a lower fatty acid solution. The method of the present invention can complete a carbon chain extending reaction in a shorter time.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing 2-haloacrylic esters from 2-hydroxymethyl- or 2-halomethyl- or 2-chlorosulfinyloxymethyl-2-halomalonic diesters. The invention further provides novel 2-halomethyl-2-halomalonic diesters or 2-chlorosulfinyloxymethyl-2-halomalonic diesters which can be used for preparation of the 2-haloacrylic esters.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing 2-haloacrylic esters from 2-hydroxymethyl- or 2-halomethyl- or 2-chlorosulfinyloxymethyl-2-halomalonic diesters. The invention further provides novel 2-halomethyl-2-halomalonic diesters or 2-chlorosulfinyloxymethyl-2-halomalonic diesters which can be used for preparation of the 2-haloacrylic esters.

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of organic bromides, by a radical bromodecarboxylation of carboxylic acids with a bromoisocyanurate.

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of organic bromides, by a radical bromodecarboxylation of carboxylic acids with a bromoisocyanurate.

The invention provides a method of producing acrylic acid. The method includes contacting fumaric acid with a sufficient amount of ethylene in the presence of a cross-metathesis transformation catalyst to produce about two moles of acrylic acid per mole of fumaric acid. Also provided is an acrylate ester. The method includes contacting fumarate diester with a sufficient amount of ethylene in the presence of a cross-metathesis transformation catalyst to produce about two moles of acrylate ester per mole of fumarate diester. An integrated process for process for producing acrylic acid or acrylate ester is provided which couples bioproduction of fumaric acid with metathesis transformation. An acrylic acid and an acrylate ester production also is provided.

The invention provides a method of producing acrylic acid. The method includes contacting fumaric acid with a sufficient amount of ethylene in the presence of a cross-metathesis transformation catalyst to produce about two moles of acrylic acid per mole of fumaric acid. Also provided is an acrylate ester. The method includes contacting fumarate diester with a sufficient amount of ethylene in the presence of a cross-metathesis transformation catalyst to produce about two moles of acrylate ester per mole of fumarate diester. An integrated process for process for producing acrylic acid or acrylate ester is provided which couples bioproduction of fumaric acid with metathesis transformation. An acrylic acid and an acrylate ester production also is provided.

Compounds of the formula 1 ##STR00001##
wherein, R is hydrogen, alkyl or substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, are useful intermediates in the synthesis of fragrance ingredients such as Ambrox 2 ##STR00002##

Compounds of the formula 1 ##STR00001##
wherein, R is hydrogen, alkyl or substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, are useful intermediates in the synthesis of fragrance ingredients such as Ambrox 2 ##STR00002##