According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing muconic acid ester from aldaric acid ester, and for separating and purifying the produced muconic acid ester by high vacuum distillation in a total heating environment.

A catalyst composition includes a solid acid catalyst having a multiplicity of acid sites on the surfaces and a multifunctional component coupled to the surfaces of the solid acid catalyst. Each multifunctional component includes at least two functional groups configured to accept a proton from an acid site of the multiplicity of acid sites. The catalyst composition can be used to dehydrate lactic acid, a lactic acid ester, a lactic acid salt, or a combination thereof, to yield a product comprising acrylic acid, an acrylic acid ester, an acrylic acid salt, or a combination thereof.

A catalyst composition includes a solid acid catalyst having a multiplicity of acid sites on the surfaces and a multifunctional component coupled to the surfaces of the solid acid catalyst. Each multifunctional component includes at least two functional groups configured to accept a proton from an acid site of the multiplicity of acid sites. The catalyst composition can be used to dehydrate lactic acid, a lactic acid ester, a lactic acid salt, or a combination thereof, to yield a product comprising acrylic acid, an acrylic acid ester, an acrylic acid salt, or a combination thereof.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing muconic acid ester from aldaric acid ester, and for separating and purifying the produced muconic acid ester by high vacuum distillation in a total heating environment.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing muconic acid ester from aldaric acid ester, and for separating and purifying the produced muconic acid ester by high vacuum distillation in a total heating environment.

This invention relates to polymerization of muconic acid and its derivatives. Muconic acid useful for the invention can be in any of its isomeric forms including cis, cis-muconic acid (ccMA), cis, trans-muconic acid (ctMA), and trans, trans-muconic acid (ttMA). Muconic acid used in the invention can be derived either from renewable carbon resources through biological fermentation or from non-renewable petrochemical resources through biological fermentation or chemical conversion.

This invention relates to polymerization of muconic acid and its derivatives. Muconic acid useful for the invention can be in any of its isomeric forms including cis, cis-muconic acid (ccMA), cis, trans-muconic acid (ctMA), and trans, trans-muconic acid (ttMA). Muconic acid used in the invention can be derived either from renewable carbon resources through biological fermentation or from non-renewable petrochemical resources through biological fermentation or chemical conversion.

This invention relates to polymerization of muconic acid and its derivatives. Muconic acid useful for the invention can be in any of its isomeric forms including cis, cis-muconic acid (ccMA), cis, trans-muconic acid (ctMA), and trans, trans-muconic acid (ttMA). Muconic acid used in the invention can be derived either from renewable carbon resources through biological fermentation or from non-renewable petrochemical resources through biological fermentation or chemical conversion.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound based on a metal hydride/palladium compound system. The method includes the following steps: suspending a palladium compound and a metal hydride in a solvent under the protection of nitrogen, then adding an electron-deficient olefin compound, reacting same at 0 C.-100 C. for 0.3 to 10 hours, then adding a saturated ammonium chloride aqueous solution to stop the reaction, and then subjecting same to extraction, evaporation until dryness, and column chromatography purification to obtain the 1,3-dicarbonyl compound. The hydride and palladium compound catalysts used by the present invention are reagents easily obtained in a laboratory. Compared to a common hydrogen hydrogenation method, the method is easier to operate, and has a higher safety, mild conditions, and a high reaction yield.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a 1,3-dicarbonyl compound based on a metal hydride/palladium compound system. The method includes the following steps: suspending a palladium compound and a metal hydride in a solvent under the protection of nitrogen, then adding an electron-deficient olefin compound, reacting same at 0 C.-100 C. for 0.3 to 10 hours, then adding a saturated ammonium chloride aqueous solution to stop the reaction, and then subjecting same to extraction, evaporation until dryness, and column chromatography purification to obtain the 1,3-dicarbonyl compound. The hydride and palladium compound catalysts used by the present invention are reagents easily obtained in a laboratory. Compared to a common hydrogen hydrogenation method, the method is easier to operate, and has a higher safety, mild conditions, and a high reaction yield.