The disclosure relates to prodrugs of vitamin K2, in particular prodrugs of MK-7 in which the diketone is converted to a monosubstituted or disubstituted ester type derivative. These compounds are shown to give MK-7 in plasma. The disclosure also relates to methods of treating conditions using prodrugs of vitamin K2.

The present disclosure relates to extracts from Persea sp. (avocado) enriched in bioactive compounds which can be used as antimicrobial, antibacterial or spore germination inhibiting agents, the process for obtaining the extracts, acetogenins and isolated molecules and methods for using the extracts enriched in bioactive compounds for providing antimicrobial, antibacterial or spore germination inhibiting effect.

The present invention provides an 8-(acyloxy)alkanal compound (1), wherein n represents 0 or 1, and R.sup.1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, or a phenyl group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with a halogen atom, and a process for preparing the same. The process comprises the steps of subjecting the aforesaid 8-(acyloxy)alkanal compound (1) to a nucleophilic addition reaction with a nucleophilic reagent, alkyl compound (2), wherein M.sup.1 represents Li, MgZ.sup.1, CuZ.sup.1, or CuLiZ.sup.1, n represents 0 or 1, and Z.sup.1 represents a halogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, to form 2,9-undecanediol (3), and subjecting the 2,9-undecanediol (3) to an acetylation reaction to form the 2,9-diacetoxyundecane (4).

##STR00001##

The present invention provides an 8-(acyloxy)alkanal compound (1), wherein n represents 0 or 1, and R.sup.1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, or a phenyl group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with a halogen atom, and a process for preparing the same. The process comprises the steps of subjecting the aforesaid 8-(acyloxy)alkanal compound (1) to a nucleophilic addition reaction with a nucleophilic reagent, alkyl compound (2), wherein M.sup.1 represents Li, MgZ.sup.1, CuZ.sup.1, or CuLiZ.sup.1, n represents 0 or 1, and Z.sup.1 represents a halogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, to form 2,9-undecanediol (3), and subjecting the 2,9-undecanediol (3) to an acetylation reaction to form the 2,9-diacetoxyundecane (4).

##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides compounds, compositions containing such compounds, and methods of designing, developing, producing and preparing compounds represented by general Formula (I), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or a synthetic intermediate thereof: The compounds may act as medicaments and may be capable of displaying one or more beneficial therapeutic effects, including treating inflammation and targeting IFNg, IL-6, TNF, IL-1B, Lox-5, IL10, CB2, and/or Lox-15.

##STR00001##

Disclosed are monoesters, inner complex salts or monoester salts of hexahydro--acid, and application thereof as animal feed additives. The compounds as shown in formula (I), (II) and (III) show low toxicity or non-toxicity to animals, and have higher stability and better growth promotion effects than those disclosed in other patents, which make them more suitable to be applied as growth promoters used in feed and have a very good application prospect in cultivation industry.

A process for the manufacture of a terphenyl compound [compound (T), herein after] of formula (T): wherein each of R and R, equal to or different from each other, are selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, aryl, ether, thioether, ester, amide, imide, alkali or alkaline earth metal sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphonate, alkyl phosphonate, amine and quaternary ammonium; each of j and k, equal to or different from each other, are zero or are an integer from 1 to 4, including the steps of (i) reacting at least one organozinc compound of formula (I) with at least one dihalocompound of formula (II) in the presence of a catalyst compound; wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of a chloride, a bromide, an iodide, an alkanesulfonate or a fluoroalkanesulfonate anion, R2 is selected from selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.10-alkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.10-cycloalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.10-halooalkyl and C.sub.3-C.sub.10 halocyclo alkyl, each of Z, equal to or different from each other, are selected from the group consisting of a chloride, a bromide, an iodide, an alkanesulfonate or a fluoroalkanesulfonate anion; (ii) a Bayer-Villiger oxidation and (iii) hydrolysis or alcoholysis.

##STR00001##

A process for the manufacture of a terphenyl compound [compound (T), herein after] of formula (T): wherein each of R and R, equal to or different from each other, are selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, aryl, ether, thioether, ester, amide, imide, alkali or alkaline earth metal sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphonate, alkyl phosphonate, amine and quaternary ammonium; each of j and k, equal to or different from each other, are zero or are an integer from 1 to 4, including the steps of (i) reacting at least one organozinc compound of formula (I) with at least one dihalocompound of formula (II) in the presence of a catalyst compound; wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of a chloride, a bromide, an iodide, an alkanesulfonate or a fluoroalkanesulfonate anion, R2 is selected from selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.10-alkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.10-cycloalkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.10-halooalkyl and C.sub.3-C.sub.10 halocyclo alkyl, each of Z, equal to or different from each other, are selected from the group consisting of a chloride, a bromide, an iodide, an alkanesulfonate or a fluoroalkanesulfonate anion; (ii) a Bayer-Villiger oxidation and (iii) hydrolysis or alcoholysis.

##STR00001##

This invention relates generally to olefin metathesis catalyst compounds, to the preparation of such compounds, and the use of such catalysts in the metathesis of olefins and olefin compounds, more particularly, in the use of such catalysts in (E)-selective olefin metathesis reactions. The invention has utility in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and industrial and fine chemicals chemistry.

This invention relates generally to olefin metathesis catalyst compounds, to the preparation of such compounds, and the use of such catalysts in the metathesis of olefins and olefin compounds, more particularly, in the use of such catalysts in (E)-selective olefin metathesis reactions. The invention has utility in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and industrial and fine chemicals chemistry.