A liquid crystal composition without requiring an alignment film or alignment treatment on a substrate. The problem is solved by a low molecular weight polar compound capable of homogeneously aligning a liquid crystal medium relative to the substrate, for example, a low molecular weight polar compound represented by formula (1):

M-P(1)

In formula (1), M is a nonpolar group having 1 or more carbons, and P is a polar group.

A liquid crystal composition without requiring an alignment film or alignment treatment on a substrate. The problem is solved by a low molecular weight polar compound capable of homogeneously aligning a liquid crystal medium relative to the substrate, for example, a low molecular weight polar compound represented by formula (1):

M-P(1)

In formula (1), M is a nonpolar group having 1 or more carbons, and P is a polar group.

Compounds having a structure of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, tautomer or stereoisomer thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, X, a, b, c, n, and m are as defined herein, are provided. Uses of such compounds for modulating androgen receptor activity and uses as therapeutics as well as methods for treatment of subjects in need thereof, including prostate cancer are also provided. ##STR00001##

Compounds having a structure of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, tautomer or stereoisomer thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, X, a, b, c, n, and m are as defined herein, are provided. Uses of such compounds for modulating androgen receptor activity and uses as therapeutics as well as methods for treatment of subjects in need thereof, including prostate cancer are also provided. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), in particular for the use thereof for depigmenting, lightering and/or bleaching the skin. (I) In which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be identical or different, denote hydrogen, or a COR5 radical in which R5 denotes a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.10 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.10 alkyl radical, preferably a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.6 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.6 alkyl radical, more preferentially a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl radical, R.sub.3 denotes a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.6 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.6 alkyl radical, preferably a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.4 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and R.sub.4 denotes H, a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.6 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.6 alkyl radical, or a COR5 radical, and also the salts thereof, the solvates thereof and the optical isomers thereof, and the racemic mixtures thereof, alone or as a mixture. The present invention also relates to the novel compounds (I) and also to the process for preparing same and to a cosmetic process for depigmenting the skin using such compounds (I). ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), in particular for the use thereof for depigmenting, lightering and/or bleaching the skin. (I) In which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be identical or different, denote hydrogen, or a COR5 radical in which R5 denotes a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.10 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.10 alkyl radical, preferably a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.6 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.6 alkyl radical, more preferentially a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl radical, R.sub.3 denotes a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.6 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.6 alkyl radical, preferably a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.4 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.4 alkyl radical, and R.sub.4 denotes H, a linear C.sub.1-C.sub.6 or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.6 alkyl radical, or a COR5 radical, and also the salts thereof, the solvates thereof and the optical isomers thereof, and the racemic mixtures thereof, alone or as a mixture. The present invention also relates to the novel compounds (I) and also to the process for preparing same and to a cosmetic process for depigmenting the skin using such compounds (I). ##STR00001##

The invention relates to terpenes and uses thereof.

##STR00001##

Neuroprotective compounds for reducing neurological damage due to cellular stress in an individual are of Formula 1:

##STR00001##

or an enantiomer, diastereomer, racemic mixture or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: Ar=aryl; Y=aryl substituent (ortho, meta, or para) selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkyloxy, alkylamino, R.sup.5R.sup.6N, and halo; XO, N, or S; RH, alkyl, aryl, OH, alkyloxy, aryloxy, NH.sub.2, alkylamino, R.sup.5R.sup.6N, or arylamino; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2=alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkyl, or H, individually; R.sup.3=arylCHCH, alkylCHCH, alkyl; R.sup.4H, alkyl, or aryl; and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6=alkyl, individually. Methods of reducing neurological damage due to cellular stress in an individual include administering to the individual during or after the cellular stress a neuroprotective compound of Formula I in a therapeutically effective amount to restore synaptic function during or after the cellular stress.

Provided herein are compounds and methods of using the compounds for determining levels of, for example, para-hydroquinones in a sample.

A process includes forming a bio-derived crosslinking material from biorenewable aconitic acid. The process includes initiating a chemical reaction to form a bio-derived crosslinking material that includes multiple functional groups. The chemical reaction includes converting each carboxylic acid group of a biorenewable aconitic acid molecule to one of the multiple functional groups.