Provided are a layer-separation method of a spent caustic solution, and a recycling method of an additive, and more particularly, a layer-separation method of a spent caustic solution including: injecting an additive and an acidic compound to the spent caustic solution occurring from a refinery process to break down a red oil emulsion and to perform layer-separation into an upper layer fraction and a lower layer fraction, wherein the additive is an aliphatic hydrocarbon compound having a water solubility of 0.1 to 10 g/L at 20 C.

Provided are a layer-separation method of a spent caustic solution, and a recycling method of an additive, and more particularly, a layer-separation method of a spent caustic solution including: injecting an additive and an acidic compound to the spent caustic solution occurring from a refinery process to break down a red oil emulsion and to perform layer-separation into an upper layer fraction and a lower layer fraction, wherein the additive is an aliphatic hydrocarbon compound having a water solubility of 0.1 to 10 g/L at 20 C.

The present invention relates to a new dehydrogenation process of specific compounds.

The present invention relates to a new dehydrogenation process of specific compounds.

The present application relates to the preparation of cyclohexyl-alkyl carbinols, including 1-(cyclohex-3-en-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-1-ol, which possesses a minty aroma that can be described as fresh, invigorating, and menthol-like, and also possesses cooling properties. The use of cyclohexyl-alkyl carbinols as readily accessible and cost effective fragrance, flavor, and cooling ingredients, and potential applications thereof is also described.

The present application relates to the preparation of cyclohexyl-alkyl carbinols, including 1-(cyclohex-3-en-1-yl)-2-methylpropan-1-ol, which possesses a minty aroma that can be described as fresh, invigorating, and menthol-like, and also possesses cooling properties. The use of cyclohexyl-alkyl carbinols as readily accessible and cost effective fragrance, flavor, and cooling ingredients, and potential applications thereof is also described.

A method for producing a fatty acid polyoxyethylene methyl ether in which ethylene oxide is added to a fatty acid methyl ester component comprising, as a main component, a fatty acid methyl ester having a fatty acid residue of 18 to 22 carbon atoms, the addition being conducted in the presence of a composite metal oxide catalyst and at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethanol, methanol and isopropyl alcohol.

A method for producing a fatty acid polyoxyethylene methyl ether in which ethylene oxide is added to a fatty acid methyl ester component comprising, as a main component, a fatty acid methyl ester having a fatty acid residue of 18 to 22 carbon atoms, the addition being conducted in the presence of a composite metal oxide catalyst and at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethanol, methanol and isopropyl alcohol.

The present invention relates to the use of a transition metal catalyst TMC1, which comprises a transition metal M selected from metals of groups 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table of elements according to IUPAC and a tetradentate ligand of formula I wherein R.sup.1 are identical or different and are each an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are each an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, as catalyst in processes for formation of compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group OC(O) starting from at least one primary alcohol and/or hydrogenation of compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group OC(O). The present invention further relates to a process for hydrogenation of a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group OC(O), to a process for the formation of a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group OC(O) by dehydrogenase coupling of at least one primary alcohol with a second alcoholic OH-group, to a transition metal complex comprising the tetradentate ligand of formula I and to a process for preparing said transition metal complex.

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The present invention relates to the use of a transition metal catalyst TMC1, which comprises a transition metal M selected from metals of groups 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table of elements according to IUPAC and a tetradentate ligand of formula I wherein R.sup.1 are identical or different and are each an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are each an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, as catalyst in processes for formation of compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group OC(O) starting from at least one primary alcohol and/or hydrogenation of compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group OC(O). The present invention further relates to a process for hydrogenation of a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group OC(O), to a process for the formation of a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid ester functional group OC(O) by dehydrogenase coupling of at least one primary alcohol with a second alcoholic OH-group, to a transition metal complex comprising the tetradentate ligand of formula I and to a process for preparing said transition metal complex.

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