A process is disclosed for producing renewable products, such as a renewable base oil, from a feedstock of biological origin. The process includes subjecting a feedstock containing free fatty acids and fatty acid glycerides, wherein at least one hydrocarbon chain is unsaturated, to esterification reaction in the presence of an alcohol. An ester stream thereby obtained is then subjected to metathesis conditions in the presence of a renewable alkene to obtain a metathesis product. Separation of the metathesis product includes recovery of a fraction containing or consisting essentially of C16 fatty acid esters, which is subjected to ketonisation reaction conditions to produce long chain ketones, which after hydrotreatment meet requirements for a renewable base oil. Ketonisation reaction produces renewable alkene usable in metathesis reaction.

A process is disclosed for producing renewable products, such as a renewable base oil, from a feedstock of biological origin. The process includes subjecting a feedstock containing free fatty acids and fatty acid glycerides, wherein at least one hydrocarbon chain is unsaturated, to esterification reaction in the presence of an alcohol. An ester stream thereby obtained is then subjected to metathesis conditions in the presence of a renewable alkene to obtain a metathesis product. Separation of the metathesis product includes recovery of a fraction containing or consisting essentially of C16 fatty acid esters, which is subjected to ketonisation reaction conditions to produce long chain ketones, which after hydrotreatment meet requirements for a renewable base oil. Ketonisation reaction produces renewable alkene usable in metathesis reaction.

Provided are a novel impurity compound of rotigotine behenate, rotigotine behenate or a preparation thereof containing less than 0.5 wt % of the impurity compound and use of the impurity compound as a reference substance in the impurity detection of the rotigotine behenate or the preparation thereof.

The present invention relates to catalytically active material, comprising grains of non-graphitizing carbon with iron nanoparticles dispersed therein, wherein d.sub.p, the average diameter of iron nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 1 nm to 20 nm, D, the average distance between iron nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 2 nm to 150 nm, and ω, the combined total mass fraction of metal in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 30 wt % to 70 wt % of the total mass of the non-graphitizing carbon grains, and wherein d.sub.p, D and ω conform to the following relation: 4.5 d.sub.p/ω>D≥0.25 d.sub.p/ω. The present invention, further, relates to a process for the manufacture of material according to the invention, as well as its use as a catalyst.

The present invention relates to catalytically active material, comprising grains of non-graphitizing carbon with iron nanoparticles dispersed therein, wherein d.sub.p, the average diameter of iron nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 1 nm to 20 nm, D, the average distance between iron nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 2 nm to 150 nm, and ω, the combined total mass fraction of metal in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 30 wt % to 70 wt % of the total mass of the non-graphitizing carbon grains, and wherein d.sub.p, D and ω conform to the following relation: 4.5 d.sub.p/ω>D≥0.25 d.sub.p/ω. The present invention, further, relates to a process for the manufacture of material according to the invention, as well as its use as a catalyst.

Disclosed is a 5-methylchromone and the preparation method and application thereof, the 5-methylchromone has the following structure:

##STR00001##

wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl groups. The substituted chromone has the biological activity of inhibiting tyrosinase. The preparation method uses 3,5-dihydroxytoluene as a raw material, and synthesis of chromones substituted with different groups at 2-C through acylation, esterification, rearrangement and cyclization reactions, etc. The 5-methylchromone is a completely new compound in condition that R1 is —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, and R2 is —CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, or that R1 is —C(CH.sub.3).sub.3, and R2 is H. All the compounds have obvious inhibitory activity against tyrosinase, and can be used to prepare tyrosinase inhibitors or whitening agents.

Disclosed is a 5-methylchromone and the preparation method and application thereof, the 5-methylchromone has the following structure:

##STR00001##

wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl groups. The substituted chromone has the biological activity of inhibiting tyrosinase. The preparation method uses 3,5-dihydroxytoluene as a raw material, and synthesis of chromones substituted with different groups at 2-C through acylation, esterification, rearrangement and cyclization reactions, etc. The 5-methylchromone is a completely new compound in condition that R1 is —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, and R2 is —CH.sub.2CH.sub.3, or that R1 is —C(CH.sub.3).sub.3, and R2 is H. All the compounds have obvious inhibitory activity against tyrosinase, and can be used to prepare tyrosinase inhibitors or whitening agents.

The present invention relates to catalytically active material, comprising grains of non-graphitizing carbon with cobalt nanoparticles dispersed therein, wherein d.sub.p, the average diameter of cobalt nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 1 nm to 20 nm, D, the average distance between cobalt nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 2 nm to 150 nm, and ω, the combined total mass fraction of metal in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 30 wt % to 70 wt % of the total mass of the non-graphitizing carbon grains, and wherein d.sub.p, D and ω conform to the following relation: 4.5 d.sub.p/ω>D≥0.25 d.sub.p/ω. The present invention, further, relates to a process for the manufacture of material according to the invention, as well as its use as a catalyst.

The present invention relates to catalytically active material, comprising grains of non-graphitizing carbon with cobalt nanoparticles dispersed therein, wherein d.sub.p, the average diameter of cobalt nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 1 nm to 20 nm, D, the average distance between cobalt nanoparticles in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 2 nm to 150 nm, and ω, the combined total mass fraction of metal in the non-graphitizing carbon grains, is in the range of 30 wt % to 70 wt % of the total mass of the non-graphitizing carbon grains, and wherein d.sub.p, D and ω conform to the following relation: 4.5 d.sub.p/ω>D≥0.25 d.sub.p/ω. The present invention, further, relates to a process for the manufacture of material according to the invention, as well as its use as a catalyst.

The present invention relates to novel esters of formula (I) as defined below and their use as fragrance or malodour reducing agents. Moreover, the present invention relates to fragrance compositions comprising a compound or a mixture of compounds of formula (I) and one or more further fragrance substance(s). The invention also provides a method for perfuming a product with a compound or a mixture of compounds of formula (I) as defined below and the perfumed product as well as a method for perfuming hair, skin, textile fibers, surfaces and/or ambient air with a compound or a mixture of compounds of formula (I) as defined below.