Calibrants and methods of making the same include using mixtures of multifunctional core compounds or multifunctional dendrimers that are functionalized to yield a set of discrete compounds which cover a range of collisional cross sections (CCSs) for calibrating ion mobility and variation in molecular weight to calibrate the mass to charge (m/z) measurements of mass spectrometry, as well as for calibrating tandem instruments that measure both dimensions. Methods of using the calibrants are also disclosed, such as in mass spectrometry.

Calibrants and methods of making the same include using mixtures of multifunctional core compounds or multifunctional dendrimers that are functionalized to yield a set of discrete compounds which cover a range of collisional cross sections (CCSs) for calibrating ion mobility and variation in molecular weight to calibrate the mass to charge (m/z) measurements of mass spectrometry, as well as for calibrating tandem instruments that measure both dimensions. Methods of using the calibrants are also disclosed, such as in mass spectrometry.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment of chronic and acute conditions. Such conditions may be caused by disease, be symptoms, treatments, or sequelae of disease. The phorbol esters described are particularly useful in the treatment of neoplastic diseases and/or managing the side effects of chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic treatments of neoplastic diseases.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment of chronic and acute conditions. Such conditions may be caused by disease, be symptoms, treatments, or sequelae of disease. The phorbol esters described are particularly useful in the treatment of neoplastic diseases and/or managing the side effects of chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic treatments of neoplastic diseases.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment and prevention of stroke and the sequelae of stroke. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools to treat or prevent stroke and the long term effects of stroke in mammalian subjects.

The present invention relates to the field of organic chemistry and pharmacology and describes novel asymmetric derivatives of polyphenols of the dinaphthalene series of general Formula (I) or general Formula (II), a process of preparing thereof and use thereof as antiviral agents.

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The present invention refers to a method for producing a low-emitting plasticised polyvinylchloride composition, having a fusion time of less than 5.50 s and a volatility of less than 10% weight loss, by mixing pentaerythritol tetravalerate with a polyvinylchloride composition, the fusion time being measured according to DIN 54 802 and ISO/DIS 4574 and the volatility being measured according to ISO 176 Method A. In a further aspect the present invention refers to a thermoplastic article suitable for use in environments where the article is exposed to heat, wherein the thermoplastic article is based on a plasticized polyvinylchloride composition produced by the method of the present invention.

The present invention refers to a method for producing a low-emitting plasticised polyvinylchloride composition, having a fusion time of less than 5.50 s and a volatility of less than 10% weight loss, by mixing pentaerythritol tetravalerate with a polyvinylchloride composition, the fusion time being measured according to DIN 54 802 and ISO/DIS 4574 and the volatility being measured according to ISO 176 Method A. In a further aspect the present invention refers to a thermoplastic article suitable for use in environments where the article is exposed to heat, wherein the thermoplastic article is based on a plasticized polyvinylchloride composition produced by the method of the present invention.

This lubricant base oil includes a condensation ester of an alcohol (A) and a carboxylic acid (B), wherein the alcohol (A) contains a polyhydric alcohol represented by general formula (1) (in formula (1), R.sup.1-R.sup.4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxyl group, and at least two of R.sup.1-R.sup.4 each represents a hydroxyl group), and the carboxylic acid (B) contains a C4-C8 cycloalkane monocarboxylic acid. The lubricant base oil has excellent heat resistance and lubricating property. ##STR00001##