Methods selectively and efficiently produce 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenol and a carboxylic acid ester thereof. More specifically, a method produces 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenol, including steps of: subjecting a 3-methyl-3-butenyl nucleophilic reagent (2) and a 1,3-dihalo-2-methylpropane compound (3) to a coupling reaction to obtain a 2,6-dimethyl-6-heptenyl halide compound (4); converting the compound (4) into a 2,6-dimethyl-6-heptenyl nucleophilic reagent (5); and subjecting the nucleophilic reagent (5) to an addition reaction with at least one electrophilic reagent selected from the group made of formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde and 1,3,5-trioxane, followed by a hydrolysis reaction to obtain 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenol (6); and the other method.

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Methods selectively and efficiently produce 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenol and a carboxylic acid ester thereof. More specifically, a method produces 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenol, including steps of: subjecting a 3-methyl-3-butenyl nucleophilic reagent (2) and a 1,3-dihalo-2-methylpropane compound (3) to a coupling reaction to obtain a 2,6-dimethyl-6-heptenyl halide compound (4); converting the compound (4) into a 2,6-dimethyl-6-heptenyl nucleophilic reagent (5); and subjecting the nucleophilic reagent (5) to an addition reaction with at least one electrophilic reagent selected from the group made of formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde and 1,3,5-trioxane, followed by a hydrolysis reaction to obtain 3,7-dimethyl-7-octenol (6); and the other method.

##STR00001##

A compound of formula I

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wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 can be independently selected from H or Me,
n=0, 1,
the dotted lines are indicating single bonds, or in case n=0 an isolated double bond at position 3, or in case n=1 an isolated double bond at position 3 or 4,
and the wavy bond is indicating an unspecified configuration of the adjacent double bond. Said compounds, as well as precursors capable to generate said compounds, are useful as fragrance ingredients.

This invention concerns a process for the production of vinyl esters of carboxylic acids with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, via vinylation in the presence of palladium (Pd) catalyst in combination with copper (Cu) as co-catalyst stabilized by organic salts in the presence of ethylene and air or oxygen.

This invention concerns a process for the production of vinyl esters of carboxylic acids with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, via vinylation in the presence of palladium (Pd) catalyst in combination with copper (Cu) as co-catalyst stabilized by organic salts in the presence of ethylene and air or oxygen.

Provided herein are methods that utilize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a substrate for further conversion to C4 and C5 compounds. Polyhydroxyalkanoates can undergo esterification to yield alkyl hydroxyalkanoates and alkyl alkenoates, which may serve as useful precursors in the production of alkadienes and alkenedioic acids, including for example butadiene and butenedioic acid.

Provided herein are methods that utilize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a substrate for further conversion to C4 and C5 compounds. Polyhydroxyalkanoates can undergo esterification to yield alkyl hydroxyalkanoates and alkyl alkenoates, which may serve as useful precursors in the production of alkadienes and alkenedioic acids, including for example butadiene and butenedioic acid.

A method manufactures diethyl carbonate by reaction distillation where transesterification and distillation are simultaneously performed in a multistage reaction distillation column provided with a catalyst introduction port and a raw material introduction port located below the catalyst introduction port, wherein: (a) the reaction is performed in a countercurrent flow format in which contact is brought about between a transesterification catalyst, dimethyl carbonate, and ethanol; (e) 1 to 250 mmol of catalyst is used per mole of dimethyl carbonate; (f) the ratio of the volume of air in the catalyst introduction port and the raw material introduction port regarding the volume of air in the reaction distillation part is 0.1 to 0.9; (g) the recirculation ratio in the reaction distillation column is 0.5 to 10; and (h) the temperature of the top part of the column and the reaction distillation part is 60 to 100 C.

Provided herein are methods that utilize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a substrate for further conversion to C4 and C5 compounds. Polyhydroxyalkanoates can undergo esterification to yield alkyl hydroxyalkanoates and alkyl alkenoates, which may serve as useful precursors in the production of alkadienes and alkenedioic acids, including for example butadiene and butenedioic acid.

Provided herein are methods that utilize polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a substrate for further conversion to C4 and C5 compounds. Polyhydroxyalkanoates can undergo esterification to yield alkyl hydroxyalkanoates and alkyl alkenoates, which may serve as useful precursors in the production of alkadienes and alkenedioic acids, including for example butadiene and butenedioic acid.