Disclosed in the present invention are an emodin succinyl ester compound, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof, the emodin succinyl ester compound having the structure as represented by formula I (R being a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group). The method provided in the present invention has a simple method course, and may effectively save time in synthesis and reduce costs, being simple to operate, being easy to implement, and being suitable for industrial production. Experiments show that the emodin succinyl ester compound of the present invention may better promote the healing of diabetic wounds than emodin, and may be used for preparing a drug for promoting the healing of diabetic wounds. Moreover, it has been confirmed by means of performing pharmacological experiments on rats suffering from experimentally mixed hyperlipidemia that the emodin succinyl ester compound of the present invention is superior to emodin, and has the advantages of having a remarkable blood fat lowering effect, being safe, being simple and convenient to administer, the raw materials being low cost and readily available, and being easy to transport and store.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing alpha-hydroxycarboxylic esters proceeding from hydrogen cyanide, wherein the ammonia formed in the step of alcoholysis of the corresponding alpha-hydroxycarboxamide is recycled into a hydrogen cyanide preparation process after a purification step.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing alpha-hydroxycarboxylic esters proceeding from hydrogen cyanide, wherein the ammonia formed in the step of alcoholysis of the corresponding alpha-hydroxycarboxamide is recycled into a hydrogen cyanide preparation process after a purification step.

Metathesized triacylglycerol polyols, fractionated polyol variants thereof, and their related physical and thermal properties are disclosed.

Metathesized triacylglycerol polyols, fractionated polyol variants thereof, and their related physical and thermal properties are disclosed.

A method for producing esters of an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid are disclosed, the method includes reacting a three or four carbon beta-hydroxyalkanoate composition or mixtures thereof with a mono-alcohol under heating conditions to form a reaction product and distilling the reaction product to recover a composition containing at least fifty percent by weight of the ester of the alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid.

A method for producing esters of an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid are disclosed, the method includes reacting a three or four carbon beta-hydroxyalkanoate composition or mixtures thereof with a mono-alcohol under heating conditions to form a reaction product and distilling the reaction product to recover a composition containing at least fifty percent by weight of the ester of the alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid.

A method for preparing a partially fluorinated ester comprising acyl and alkoxy groups wherein the acyl group comprises a branched or linear fluorine containing C.sub.3-C.sub.8 group with one of the structures: (Formulae (I), (II)) wherein X and Y are independently selected from: —H, —CH.sub.3, —F, —Cl, —CH.sub.2F, —CF.sub.3—OCF.sub.3, —OCH.sub.2CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and —CH.sub.2CF.sub.3 (wherein both X and Y cannot be H) comprising reacting an unsaturated halocarbon: (Formula (III)) wherein A and B are independently selected from the group comprising —H, —CH.sub.3, —F, —Cl, —CH.sub.2F, —CF.sub.3, —OCF.sub.3, —OCH.sub.2CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and —CH.sub.2CF.sub.3 (wherein both A and B cannot be H) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst methods.

##STR00001##

A method for preparing a partially fluorinated ester comprising acyl and alkoxy groups wherein the acyl group comprises a branched or linear fluorine containing C.sub.3-C.sub.8 group with one of the structures: (Formulae (I), (II)) wherein X and Y are independently selected from: —H, —CH.sub.3, —F, —Cl, —CH.sub.2F, —CF.sub.3—OCF.sub.3, —OCH.sub.2CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and —CH.sub.2CF.sub.3 (wherein both X and Y cannot be H) comprising reacting an unsaturated halocarbon: (Formula (III)) wherein A and B are independently selected from the group comprising —H, —CH.sub.3, —F, —Cl, —CH.sub.2F, —CF.sub.3, —OCF.sub.3, —OCH.sub.2CF.sub.3, OCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CHF.sub.2 and —CH.sub.2CF.sub.3 (wherein both A and B cannot be H) with carbon monoxide and an alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst methods.

##STR00001##

Disclosed herein is a lipid having a net charge at physiological pH, and being covalently attached to a lipid moiety. The lipid moiety comprises a hydrocarbon structure having two or more linked hydrocarbon chains, optionally having cis or trans C═C, at least one of said chains being covalently attached to the head group optionally via the linker region. The hydrocarbon chains are bonded to one another at a branch point at an internal carbon of the chain attached to the linker region, which branch point comprises a functional group having an electronegative atom. The hydrocarbon chains each have between 1 and 40 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbon structure in total comprises between 10 and 150 carbon atoms. Advantageously, the hydrocarbon structure may assume a generally flared shape for enhanced delivery of cargo molecules. Further provided are delivery vehicles comprising the lipids.