Disclosed is a chemical process of preparing dehydrohedione from Hedione via α-chlorination and elimination steps. The process can be conducted in a one-pot process or in a continuous reactor system. Accordingly, a simple and cost effective process of preparing cis-Hedione enriched products is developed through reduction of dehydrohedione in the presence of a chiral catalyst system.

The present disclosure provides improved methods of performing ozonolysis on alkenes comprising non-reductive quenching of ozonide intermediates using Bronsted bases to yield aldehyde, ketone and/or carboxylic acid products.

The present disclosure provides improved methods of performing ozonolysis on alkenes comprising non-reductive quenching of ozonide intermediates using Bronsted bases to yield aldehyde, ketone and/or carboxylic acid products.

The present invention relates to a sacubitril intermediate and a preparation method thereof. The sacubitril intermediate disclosed herein can be prepared by a deprotection reaction of a compound. In addition, the intermediate can be used as a raw material to synthesize sacubitril.

The present invention relates to a sacubitril intermediate and a preparation method thereof. The sacubitril intermediate disclosed herein can be prepared by a deprotection reaction of a compound. In addition, the intermediate can be used as a raw material to synthesize sacubitril.

Described herein is a process for the preparation of a mixture of compounds of formula ##STR00001##
having a weight ratio of the cis-diastereomers to trans-diastereoisomers higher than 1:1, where R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-8 alkenyl group or a C.sub.2-8 alkynyl group, each optionally substituted with one or two of a C.sub.1-4 alkyl alkoxy ether group and/or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl carboxylester group and R.sub.2 represents a C.sub.1-6 alkyl, a C.sub.2-6 alkenyl or a C.sub.2-6 alkynyl group, each optionally substituted with a C.sub.1-4 alkyl alkoxy ether group, a carboxylic acid group or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl carboxylester group and compounds suitable in the process.

Described herein is a process for the preparation of a mixture of compounds of formula ##STR00001##
having a weight ratio of the cis-diastereomers to trans-diastereoisomers higher than 1:1, where R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-8 alkenyl group or a C.sub.2-8 alkynyl group, each optionally substituted with one or two of a C.sub.1-4 alkyl alkoxy ether group and/or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl carboxylester group and R.sub.2 represents a C.sub.1-6 alkyl, a C.sub.2-6 alkenyl or a C.sub.2-6 alkynyl group, each optionally substituted with a C.sub.1-4 alkyl alkoxy ether group, a carboxylic acid group or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl carboxylester group and compounds suitable in the process.

Described herein is a process for the preparation of a mixture of compounds of formula ##STR00001##
having a weight ratio of the cis-diastereomers to trans-diastereoisomers higher than 1:1, where R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-8 alkenyl group or a C.sub.2-8 alkynyl group, each optionally substituted with one or two of a C.sub.1-4 alkyl alkoxy ether group and/or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl carboxylester group and R.sub.2 represents a C.sub.1-6 alkyl, a C.sub.2-6 alkenyl or a C.sub.2-6 alkynyl group, each optionally substituted with a C.sub.1-4 alkyl alkoxy ether group, a carboxylic acid group or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl carboxylester group and compounds suitable in the process.

This invention relates to a method for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into ethyl esters of carboxylic acids. Said method consists of treating the biomass material with an oxidizing agent that is incorporated in an solution comprising one or more acids, one or more alcohols and water, and subsequently performing a catalytic reaction at a higher temperature using the same acidic solution into which a larger volume of alcohol is added, in such a way that the catalytic conversion occurs in a medium with a much higher concentration of alcohol, i.e. with a much higher alcohol-to-water wt ratio. Such a method results in relatively high yields of ethyl esters, such as ethyl esters of formic, acetic, and levulinic acids, while producing a low yield of dialkyl ethers, which are unwanted by-products. The concentration of the oxidizing agent in the pre-treatment step is preferably higher than 6.0 wt %. The oxidizing agent is preferably a Fenton or Fenton-type reagent, and most preferably hydrogen peroxide activated by Fe (II), and/or Ti (IV) ions. The alcohol is preferably ethanol, and when ethanol is used, diethyl ether is formed as the unwanted dialkyl ether by-product. Preferably, the biomass material is pelleted before treatment.

This invention relates to a method for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into ethyl esters of carboxylic acids. Said method consists of treating the biomass material with an oxidizing agent that is incorporated in an solution comprising one or more acids, one or more alcohols and water, and subsequently performing a catalytic reaction at a higher temperature using the same acidic solution into which a larger volume of alcohol is added, in such a way that the catalytic conversion occurs in a medium with a much higher concentration of alcohol, i.e. with a much higher alcohol-to-water wt ratio. Such a method results in relatively high yields of ethyl esters, such as ethyl esters of formic, acetic, and levulinic acids, while producing a low yield of dialkyl ethers, which are unwanted by-products. The concentration of the oxidizing agent in the pre-treatment step is preferably higher than 6.0 wt %. The oxidizing agent is preferably a Fenton or Fenton-type reagent, and most preferably hydrogen peroxide activated by Fe (II), and/or Ti (IV) ions. The alcohol is preferably ethanol, and when ethanol is used, diethyl ether is formed as the unwanted dialkyl ether by-product. Preferably, the biomass material is pelleted before treatment.