Offset illumination using multiple emitters in a fluorescence imaging system is described. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The emitter comprises a first emitter and a second emitter for emitting different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from about 770 nm to about 790 nm.

The present invention provides a lens unit having a cover member which does not cause deviation in precision and capable of being manufactured efficiently at low cost. In a lens unit 10A, side surfaces of a cover member 14a continuing from a front end surface 29 to a rear end surface located at a lens side are formed in a regular quadrangular prism, at least two of corners of the regular quadrangular prism are in contact with an inner peripheral surface 27 of a housing space 17 of a holder 11a for housing the cover member 14a, a gap 34 is formed between each of the side surfaces of the cover member 14a and the inner peripheral surface 27 of the holder 11a, and an effective area of a light beam is located inside a light receiving area having a regular quadrangular shape surrounded by an outer peripheral edge of the front end surface 29 of the cover member 14a.

A stereo-endoscope for observation and analysis of an object, comprising a shaft with distal and proximal ends, illuminating means for illuminating the object, and stereoscopic imaging means which transfer light radiated by the object from the distal end to the proximal end. Light of a first imaging channel is fed into a first sensor, and light of a second imaging channel is fed into a second sensor. Both sensors contain mutually different beam splitters, which split the light into four light beams. One light beam from each of the sensors is deflected onto one sensor each; these two sensors are identical. The signals detected there are assembled to form a stereoscopic image. The stereo-endoscope comprises mutually different manipulating means for the other two light beams; by means of suitably-tuned image-processing algorithms, two different monoscopic images containing information complementary to each other and to the stereoscopic image are generated.

The present invention may be embodied as a retrievable device capable of sensing one or more properties of an individual (e.g., chemical or physical parameters). In use, the retrievable device can continuously determine the chemical concentrations within the vaginal tract. An embodiment of the retrievable device comprises a first housing having a light source and an image capture device, a second housing removably connected to the lust housing and having a sensor, and a fitting for retrieving the device. The sensor may be an analyte sensor configured to obtain at least one measurement of a concentration of an analyte in a fluid. The analyte sensor comprises a sensor substance in a sol-gel material so the sensor substance reversibly interacts with an analyte of interest. In addition, the retrievable device can be configured to determine different physical parameters and re-implanted.

A medical observation system includes: a plurality of types of sensor units that measure information regarding an internal environment; an acquisition unit (131) that acquires individual sensor values of the plurality of types of sensor units; a comparison unit (132) that compares the individual sensor values of the plurality of types of sensor units acquired by the acquisition unit (131); and a determination unit (134) that determines a sensor unit to be used for observing the internal environment among the plurality of types of sensor units based on a comparison result obtained by the comparison unit (132).

A scanner for scanning a dental site comprises a base, a detector mounted to the base, and an optical element to redirect light reflected off of the dental site towards the detector along a detection axis in a first direction. Two or more flexures couple the optical element to the base, wherein thermal expansion or contraction of the optical element with respect to at least one of the detector or the base bends each flexure of the two or more flexures in a respective second direction without bending the flexure in a respective third direction approximately perpendicular to the first direction and the respective second direction, wherein the two or more flexures maintain an alignment of the optical element to the detector with changes in temperature.

The objective lens unit includes, a front lens group having a negative refractive power, a diaphragm, and a rear lens group having a positive refractive power, in order from an object side. The front lens group includes a negative lens having a concave surface facing an image surface side, and a positive lens having a convex surface facing the object side, and the rear lens group includes a positive lens having a convex surface facing the image surface side and a cemented lens in which a positive lens and a negative lens are cemented. The endoscope objective lens unit satisfies −1.6<f.sub.F/f.sub.R<−1.2 and −1.0<SF.sub.5<−0.5. f.sub.F and f.sub.R are the focal lengths of the front lens group and the rear lens group, SF.sub.5 is (R.sub.51+R.sub.52)/(R.sub.51−R.sub.52), and R.sub.51 and R.sub.52 are respectively the curvature radiuses of surfaces.

An endoscope includes a handle operation unit. The handle operation unit includes: an outer ring; a cam ring accommodated in the outer ring to rotate in accordance with rotation of the outer ring about a central axis and having a pair of guide holes; a pair of slide members accommodated in the respective guide holes and fixed to a force transmission member; and a support portion having a pair of slide grooves extending along a longitudinal direction of the endoscope, the support portion being accommodated in the cam ring to support the pair of slide members. The slide members slide in the respective slide grooves in accordance with the rotation of the outer ring. The field of view of the image-capturing unit is changed in accordance with sliding of the pair of slide members.

The present disclosure is directed to an augmented reality surgical system. The system includes an endoscope that captures an image of the region of interest of a patient and an ECG device that records an ECG of the patient. A controller receives the image and applies at least one image processing filter to the image. The image processing filter includes a decomposition filter that decomposes the image into frequency bands. A temporal filter is applied to the frequency bands to generate temporally filtered bands. An adder adds each band frequency band to a corresponding temporally filtered band to generate augmented bands. A reconstruction filter generates an augmented image by collapsing the augmented bands. The controller also receives the ECG and processes the augmented image with the ECG to generate an ECG filtered augmented image. A display displays the ECG filtered augmented image to a user.

An optical prism is designed to displace a field of view offset angle of an endoscope. A connector is designed to affix the optical prism to a tip of an endoscope that has a field of view at an initial offset angle displaced off-axis. The optical prism and connector are designed to reduce the offset angle of the field of view of the endoscope toward on-axis. Delivery packaging for an endoscope has a vial, well, or cavity designed to retain anti-adhesive lubricant in contact with a lens or window of the endoscope.