Disclosed is a method of unilateral biportal endoscopy and a surgical instrument set used in the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of unilateral biportal endoscopy which separately secures a working portal for surgical instruments and an endoscopic portal for an endoscope, thereby providing a more accurate spinal surgery, and to a surgical instrument set which can be effectively applied to the method.

A rigid endoscope including: a shaft; a body disposed at a proximal end of the shaft, a fiber image guide mounted to move longitudinally within the shaft and body; a securing section for securing the fiber image guide, the securing section being positioned within the body; a sliding element mounted to move longitudinally within the body; and a protective sheath encasing the fiber image guide; wherein the fiber image guide is twisted, for image rotation, in a longitudinal portion corresponding to the protective sheath.

An endoscope includes a shaft having a distal end, an optical imaging device at the distal end of the shaft for producing a real image of an object observed by means of the endoscope and at least one of an image transfer device for transmitting the real image and an image sensor for capturing the real image. The imaging device has curved light-refracting interfaces, which are tilted in relation to one another.

A wide-angle endoscope lens is configured to capture a large viewing angle area of a non-planar object to generate an image, wherein the wide-angle endoscope lens has a center region and a corner region. The center region has a corresponding central object distance range. The corner region surrounds and adjoins the center region, and has a corresponding corner object distance range, wherein the central object distance range is different from the corner object distance range, a first resolution of the image of the non-planar object captured at a central shortest object distance in the central object distance range and a second resolution of the image of the non-planar object captured at a central farthest object distance in the central object distance range are substantially the same, and a third resolution of the image of the non-planar object captured at a corner shortest object distance in the corner object distance range and a fourth resolution of the image of the non-planar object captured at a corner farthest object distance in the corner object distance range are substantially the same.

A medical observation system includes: a microscope; a support including a first joint configured to hold the microscope such that the microscope is rotatable about a first axis parallel to an optical axis of the microscope; and a first arm configured to hold the first joint and extend in a direction different from a direction of the optical axis of the microscope; a light guide cable inserted in the support and configured to guide illumination light to the microscope; and a binder configured to bind the light guide cable, wherein at least a part of the light guide cable is arranged along the first axis in a first section, the light guide cable extends in a direction different from the first axis in a second section, and the binder is configured to bind the light guide cable in the second section.

An imaging apparatus for endoscope includes: a coupler configured to hold an endoscope for capturing an image of a subject, and emit the image of the subject; an imaging apparatus main body connected to the coupler so as to be relatively rotatable with respect to the coupler around an optical axis of the endoscope, the imaging apparatus main body being configured to capture the image of the subject emitted from the endoscope; and a posture keeping member configured to maintain a posture of the imaging apparatus main body with respect to the optical axis of the endoscope by generating a desired physical quantity between the coupler and the imaging apparatus main body.

A hysteroscope includes a shaft comprising an optics channel, an operating channel, and fluid circulating channels, wherein a distal section of the shaft has a bent section, and wherein the bent section has a deflection angle of about 5-40 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the remaining section of the shaft.

A hysteroscope includes a shaft comprising a fiber optic light channel, an operating channel, and two fluid circulating channels; and a zero-angle lens disposed at an distal end of the fiber optic light channel, wherein a distal section of the shaft has a bent section, and wherein the bent section has a deflection angle of about 5-40 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the remaining section of the shaft.

A camera head includes a mounting unit detachably connected to an eyepiece unit of an endoscope, the camera head capturing an object image emitted from the eyepiece unit. The eyepiece unit includes an abutting surface that is orthogonal to a central axis along an insertion direction of the endoscope into a subject, and the abutting surface extending over an entire circumference in a circumferential direction around the central axis. The mounting unit is connected to the eyepiece unit and is configured to relatively rotate the endoscope and the camera head around the central axis. The mounting unit includes a facing surface that faces the abutting surface, and a pressing portion that abuts the eyepiece unit and presses the eyepiece unit toward the facing surface along the central axis. The facing surface includes a projecting portion that projects toward the abutting surface and abuts the abutting surface.